小花假泽兰茎叶中杀菌活性成分的研究  

Active Anti-microbial Ingredients in Mikania micrantha Stems and Leaves

作　　者：余鑫平[1] 冯俊涛[1] 刘晓明[1] 庄世宏[1] 张兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学无公害农药研究服务中心,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2006年第5期1001-1006,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家"十五"攻关项目(2002BA516A04);陕西省农业科技攻关项目(2004K01-G7-02);西北农林科技大学青年科研专项项目

摘　　要：以小麦纹枯病原菌为指示菌种,采用活性跟踪法,从小花假泽兰(M ikan ia m icrantha H.B.K.)茎叶中分离出1种对黄瓜霜霉、黄瓜炭疽、小麦赤霉和玉米大斑4种病原菌孢子萌发具有较好抑制作用的物质,在供试浓度为0.50 m g.mL-1时,对黄瓜炭疽、小麦赤霉、玉米大斑3种病原菌孢子萌发抑制率均在70%以上.生长速率法测定其对番茄灰霉病原菌的EC50为0.039 m g.mL-1,组织法测定结果表明该化合物对番茄灰霉病有较好的防效,在供试浓度为2 000 m g.k-g 1时,治疗作用和保护作用防效分别达到了68.6%和48.7%,高于或相当于对照药剂速克灵的防效.经熔点测定、IR、M S1、HNM R1、3CNM R分析,鉴定该化合物为豆甾醇,其为首次从小花假泽兰茎叶中分离得到.A substance ,which was capable of well inhibiting the germination of four pathogens ,Pseudoperonispora cubensis,Colletotrichum lagenarium,Fusarium graminearum and Exserohilum turcium was isolated by bioactivity-guided isolation with Rhizoctonia cerealis as the indicator. Where its concentration was set at 0. 50 mg.mL^-1, its inhibitive rates to P. cubensis,C, lagenariurn, F. grarninearurn and E. turciurn reached above 70%. It EC50 to Botrytis cirerea and where its concentration was set at 2 000 mg. kg^-1 ,its therapeutic and protective efficacies separately reached 68.6% and 48.7% ,higher than those of the control procymidon. The substance was identified by melting point test,IR,MS,^1 HNMR and ^13CNMR to be stigmasterol,which was isolated from Mikania micrantha stems and leaves for the first time.

关 键 词：小花假泽兰 杀菌活性 豆甾醇 

分 类 号：Q946.887[生物学—植物学] Q949.783.5