入侵物种飞机草和紫茎泽兰的核型研究  

Karyotype of Chromolaena odorata and Ageratina adenophora

作　　者：冯玉龙[1] 王跃华[2] 刘元元[2] 丁开宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园昆明分部,昆明650223 [2]云南大学生命科学学院,昆明650091

出　　处：《植物研究》2006年第3期356-360,共5页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-SW-13-0X-0X)

摘　　要：报道了菊科(Asteraceae)原泽兰属(Eupatorium)2种植物的核型,飞机草(Chromolaenaodorata(L.)R.M.K ing&H.Robinson)2n=60,核型公式为2n=60=32 m+28 sm,核型属于“2A”型,紫茎泽兰(Ageratina adenophora(Sprengel)R.K ing&H.Robinson)2n=51,核型公式为2n=51=30 m+21 sm,核型属于“2B”型。飞机草的染色体数目变化较大,紫茎泽兰染色体数目较稳定。紫茎泽兰不能产生正常的花粉。飞机草有性生殖产生的种子发芽率低,紫茎泽兰无融合生殖产生的种子发芽率高,但2种植物入侵能力都很强,种子数量与2种植物的入侵性关系不大。The karyotypes of two species belonging formerly to Eupatorium （Asteraceae） was studied. The karyotype of Chromolaena odorata （ L. ） R. M. King ＆ H. Robinson was 2n = 60 = 32 m ＋ 28 sm, belongings to the ＂2A＂ type, while Ageratina adenophora （Sprengel） R. M. King ＆ H. Robinson was 2n =3x =51 =30 m ＋21 sm, belongings to ＂2B＂ type. The chromosome number changed greatly in C.odorata, but stable in A. a（tenopnora. A. aaenophora could not produce normal pollen, and propagated through apomixis. The seed germination rate was significantly lower in C. odorata than in A. ra. But invasiveness was very strong in both C. odorata and A. adenophora. This indicates that seed amount be not related to invasiveness in the two species.

关 键 词：核型 飞机草 紫茎泽兰 种子 入侵性 

分 类 号：Q949.718.2[生物学—植物学] S451[农业科学—植物保护]