Schrdinger方程向经典力学的过渡  

Discussion on the Transition from Schrdinger Equation to Classical Mechanics

作　　者：吴英[1] 刘国跃[1] 龚劲涛[1] 李雪冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]绵阳师范学院理论物理研究所,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《绵阳师范学院学报》2006年第2期24-26,共3页Journal of Mianyang Teachers＇ College

基　　金：绵阳师范学院科研基金(MA2005020)

摘　　要：薛定谔方程是量子力学的基本方程,其地位与经典物理中的牛顿运动方程相当。文章从薛定谔方程出发,用普朗克常数的方式以及在坐标表象中求动量平均值的方法对量子力学与经典力学之间的关系进行了详细讨论。结果表明,在普朗克常数h→0的极限情况下,量子力学就过渡到经典物理学；微观粒子的运动在平均值的意义上是遵从牛顿第二定律的,量子效应只是围绕经典平均值的一种涨落,即量子涨落。Schroedinger Equation in quantum mechanics is as important as Newton Equation in classical mechanics. From the point of Schrisdinger Equation, two different methods are employed to discuss the problem of the transition from quantum mechanics to classical mechanics. The result shows that under the condition of Planck constanth→0） quantum mechanics goes back to classical mechanics and the motion of micro particles follows Newton＇ s second law from the angle of average value , which means quantum effect is only a kind of fluctuation around average value, namely quantum fluctuation.

关 键 词：Sehroedinger方程 量子力学 经典力学 

分 类 号：O413.1[理学—理论物理]