高原施工人群症状自评量表测试及其影响因素  

Influence of Plateau Environment on Psychological Health of Builders of Railway

作　　者：袁振才[1] 张雪峰 邓云青[3] 谢远志[1] 王振江[1] 彭全升[4] 

机构地区：[1]咸阳市中铁一局医院,陕西咸阳712000 [2]格尔木市人民医院高原病研究中心,青海格尔木816000 [3]海西州职业技术学校,青海海西817000 [4]西安市中铁一局医院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2006年第3期205-207,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨高原环境对施工人员心理健康的影响及其影响因素。方法2005年3—4月,采用个体测试法用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对277名青藏铁路参建人员(观察组)进行问卷调查,调查项目包括躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病性、阳性项目、阳性均分、总分共12项,并以文献记载的平原人群参考数据作为对照组,并探索平原冬休时间、进驻高原时间、年龄、婚姻状况、进驻高原次数对心理健康的影响。结果高原施工人群(SCL-90)主观症状中总分、阳性项目、躯体化、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性7项均分均高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);平原冬休时间<90d组除阳性均分外,其余11项指标均分显著高于≥90d组(P<0.05或P<0.01);高原驻留时间≥60d组12项主观症状评分均高于<60d组(P<0.05或P<0.001);进驻高原次数与其中的8项指标呈正相关,高原驻留时间与12项主观症状评分均呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.001),平原冬休时间与11项主观症状评分呈负相关(P<0.05或P<0.001);除进驻高原次数≥3次者的阳性项目和阳性均分高于进驻高原次数≤2次者外(P<0.05),不同年龄、进驻高原次数及婚姻状况各分组间差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论高原环境对施工人员心理健康产生一定的负性影响,应尽可能缩短高原施工周期、适当延长平原冬休时间,这对提高再入高原人员的习服水平有积极作用。Objective To understand the influence of plateau environment on psychological health of builders of Qing-Zang railway and to find the effect factors. Methods A survey was conducted by individual test using their self-evaluating symptoms form （SCL90） during March and April in 2005 and the five effect factors were analyzed. Results Among the subjective symptoms, each average mark of the seven items namely summing-up mark, positive items, somatization, depression, anxiety, horror and mental illness was significantly higher compared with the group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, the average mark of the 11 indexes in the group who enjoyed less than 90 days of plain winter vacation was significantly higher than those in the group who enjoyed more than 90 days （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. The integral calculus of 12 subjective symptoms among the group staying on the plateau more than 60 days were obviously higher compared with the group staying less than 60 days （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, a positive correlation was seen between the staying time in plateau and the integral calculus of 12 subjective symptoms （P〈0.5 or P〈0.01）, a negative correlation was shown between the length of the plain winter vacation and the integral calculus of 11 subjective symptoms （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion Plateau environment has some adverse effects on the mental health of the railway builders, it will be benefit for mental health of the builders to shorten the working time on plateau and lengthen the plain winter vacation.

关 键 词：心理学 高原 高原驻留时间 冬休时间 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]