长江口滨岸带河蚬的时空分布特征及其指示作用  

Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and indicator effects of Corbicula fluminea in coastal flat of Changjiang estuary

作　　者：李丽娜[1] 陈振楼[1] 许世远[1] 侯晶[1] 毕春娟[1] 史贵涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2006年第5期883-886,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(40131020);上海市基础研究重点项目(05JC14059);上海市环保局资助项目

摘　　要：以长江口滨岸湿地生态系统习见的大型底栖动物河蚬为对象,研究了河蚬种群密度、生物量的时空分布特征,分析了河蚬及环境中悬浮颗粒物和沉积物中的重金属含量.结果表明,不同季节、不同采样点以及相同采样点的不同断面河蚬的分布都有差异.河蚬种群密度、生物量的季节分布趋势是春、秋两季>夏季;其中,浒浦河蚬的年度平均种群密度与平均生物量最高;河蚬在崇明中潮滩的种群密度、生物量高于低潮滩和高潮滩.研究表明,河蚬对沉积物中的重金属元素Cu、Zn富集能力强,对Pb、Cr的富集能力弱,其中,河蚬体内Pb含量与沉积物中Pb含量呈显著负相关(R=-0.924,P<0.01).Corbicula fluminea is a kind of macrobenthos commonly seen in the coastal wetland ecosystem of Changjiang estuary. This paper studied the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of its population density and biomass, and analyzed the heavy metals concentrations in its body and in suspended particles and sediments. The results showed that the distribution of C.fluminea was discrepant in different seasons, sampling sites, and even, sampling sections of same sampling site. The population density and biomass of C.fluminea were higher in spring and autumn but lower in summer, and higher in mid-tidal flat than in low and high flats of Chongming. Its annual average population density and biomass was the maximal in Xupu. C.fluminea had definite accumulation ability to copper and zinc, but not to lead and chromium. There was a significant negative correlation between the lead concentrations in C.fluminea and sediments.

关 键 词：长江口 河蚬 分布特征 重金属 指示生物 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]