大豆对胞囊线虫(Heterodera glycines Ichinohe)1号和4号生理小种抗性的遗传分析  

Inheritance of Resistance to Race 1 and Race 4 of Cyst Nematode(Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) in Soybeans

作　　者：卢为国[1] 盖钧镒[1] 李卫东[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学大豆研究所/国家大豆改良中心/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095 [2]河南省农业科学院棉花油料作物研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《作物学报》2006年第5期650-655,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30490250);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划)(2002CB111304;2004CB7206);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2002AA211052);河南省自然科学基金项目(0211030800);长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助项目

摘　　要：大豆胞囊线虫(Heterodera glycinesIchinohe)是我国大豆的全国性主要病害之一。1号和4号生理小种是黄淮地区的优势小种。以Essex×ZDD2315、Peking×ZDD2315、PI88788×ZDD2226、Peking×ZDD2226的P1、P2、F1、BC1F2为材料,用主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析大豆对胞囊线虫1号和4号生理小种抗性的遗传机制。结果表明,ZDD2315、ZDD2226对1号生理小种的抗性受主效基因控制,未发现多基因效应,且与Peking存在相同的抗病基因;抗性遗传表现组合特异性,Essex×ZDD2315组合为3对加性主基因遗传模型,主基因遗传率72.02%,PI88788×ZDD2226组合为2对显性上位主基因遗传模型,主基因遗传率62.33%。对4号生理小种的抗性为主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,Essex×ZDD2315、Peking×ZDD2315、PI88788×ZDD2226等3个组合为3对主基因+多基因遗传模型,主基因遗传率分别为67.76%7、2.46%和53.25%,多基因遗传率分别为24.48%、21.31%和35.77%;Peking×ZDD2226表现为2对主基因遗传模型,主基因遗传率45.40%。抗性基因表现为隐性,育种上可以在早代选择。培育多抗品种应以抗4号生理小种为主要目标进行基因聚合。Soybean cyst nematode （Heterodera glycines Ichinohe） is one of the two most important nation-wide soybean diseases in China. Race 1 and 4 of the pathogen, especially the latter, are most popular in Huang-Huai Valleys and ZDD2315 and ZDD2226 have been identified as elite resistance sources. The present study was aimed to reveal the genetic mechanism of resistance to the two races by using the two resistant materials. Genetic analysis was performed under major gene ＋ polygene mixed inheritance model in the four BC1 F2 populations derived from the soybean crosses of Essex × ZDD2315, Peking × ZDD2315, PI88788 × ZDD2226 and Peking × ZDD2226. The results showed that the resistance to Race 1 was controlled by two or three major genes, but no polygene effect detected. In cross Essex × ZDD2315, three major genes contributed to the resistance to Race 1 with the heritability of 72.02%, while two dominant-epistasis major genes were detected with the heritability of 62.33% in cross PI88788 × ZDD2226. The two resistance sources, ZDD2315 and ZDD2226, might have the same resistant genes with Peking conferring resistance to Race 1 because the two crosses Peking × ZDD2315 and Peking × ZDD2226 did not segregate in reaction to Race 1. The resistance to Race 4 was mainly conditioned by three major genes plus polygene in the crosses of Essex × ZDD2315, Peking × ZDD2315 and PI88788 × ZDD2226 with the major gene heritability of 67.76%, 72.46% and 53.25 %, respectively and the polygene heritability of 24.48%, 21.31% and 35.77%, respectively. However only two major genes were identified in the cross of Peking × ZDD2226. All the F1 s and the detected additive effects had a similar response to susceptible parents, indicating the resistance to Race 1 and Race 4 mainly was controlled by recessive genes. Therefore, selection could be taken at early generations in breeding programs and pyramiding of genes resistant to both races should emphasize on resistance to Race 4 because most of the BC1 F2 lines resistant to Race 4 also

关 键 词：大豆[Glycine max(L.)Merr.] 胞囊线虫(Heterodera GLYCINES Ichinohe) 抗性遗传 主基因+多基因混合遗传模型 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]