小麦×玉米诱导小麦单倍体高效系统的建立  

Establishment of High Efficiency System in Wheat Haploid from Wheat×Maize

作　　者：蔡华[1] 马传喜[2] 黄正来[2] 乔玉强[2] 陆维忠[3] 

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院生命科学学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]安徽农业大学农学院,安徽合肥230036 [3]江苏省农业科学院遗传生理研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《核农学报》2006年第2期90-94,共5页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270825);安徽省教育厅自然科学研究项目(2006KJ142C)

摘　　要：为建立一套高效的小麦×玉米单倍体诱导系统用于构建小麦DH群体,采用杂交后剪穗进行人工控制环境条件的室内离体培养法和田间常规杂交法诱导小麦×玉米单倍体,研究了不同培养环境、离体培养时环境温度、常规杂交法时T＞10℃有效积温对单倍体成胚率和成苗率的影响.结果表明：就平均成胚率而言,离体培养法（23.6%）＞常规杂交法（18.1%）,获得最高成胚率的环境温度为21℃～23℃,T＞10℃有效积温为188℃;就平均成苗率而言,离体培养法（18.7%）高于常规杂交法（15.1%）,获得最高成苗率的环境温度为23℃,T＞10℃有效积温为188℃.并在此基础上建立了一套高效、可靠、重复性好的小麦×玉米单倍体诱导系统.实验还表明大田条件下,授粉后12～14d的培养时间不宜作为小麦×玉米单倍体剥胚的时间标准,而应以授粉后外界环境提供的T＞10℃有效积温作为剥胚的时间标准可能更准确.In order to establish a set of high efficiency regeneration system of wheat haploid from wheat × maize which induce wheat DH groups, factors affecting the frequency of haploid embryo and young plant production, such as culture condition, environmental temperature and T 〉 10℃ effective accumulated temperature, etc., were studied by using both in vitro cultivation methods in green house and general cross methods in field. The results showed that he average frequency of haploid production in vitro cultivation （23.6%） was higher than that when embryos were cultured by general cross methods （18.1%）. the frequency was the highest when environmental temperature was 21 - 23℃, accumulated temperature （T 〉 10℃ ）was 188℃. the average frequency of young plant production in vitro cultivation（ 18.7% ） was higher than which embryo were cultured in field （ 15.1% ）, the frequency of young plant production was the highest when environmental temperature was 23℃, accumulated temperature （T 〉 10℃ ）was 188℃. As a result, a high efficiency and repetitive regeneration system of wheat haploid from wheat x maize was established. Our studies also indicated that haploid embryos should not be peeled in 12 - 14d after pollination in order to obtain more embryos, and it is concluded that the accumulated temperature （T 〉 10℃ ） may be more accurate as the time standard of peeling embryos after pollination.

关 键 词：小麦×玉米 单倍体 成胚率 成苗率 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] U491.112[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]