金瓶掣签与神判文化  

The “Golden Vase Lottery”and the Culture of Divine Determination

作　　者：于洪[1] 张双志[2] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学民族学系,北京100081 [2]中国人民大学清史研究所,北京100872

出　　处：《西藏研究》2006年第2期43-49,共7页Tibetan Studies

摘　　要：金瓶掣签制度是清朝乾隆皇帝为进一步完善活佛转世制度、加强对西藏政教监管而采取的一项重要措施。它的产生深深根植于中国自古就有的神判文化。神判是“神明裁判”或“神意裁判”的简称,又叫“神断”、“天罚”、“巫术裁判”等。金瓶掣签就是清朝根据藏族的社会情况,以及客观存在的活佛转世制度、神判文化而制定的神判仪式。The system of ＂golden vase lottery＂ was established and carried out by the emperor Qianlong to further improve the incarnation system of Tibetan Buddhism and to strengthen supervision of Tibet＇s politics and religion. It emerged with the culture of ＂divine determination＂that existed from ancient times in China. ＂Divine determination＂ is an abbreviation for the phrase ＂divine judgment＂, or ＂god will judge＂. It is also called ＂the determination of god＂, ＂heavenly punishment＂, or ＂judging by witchcraft＂, etc. The ＂golden vase lottery＂ was a divine determination ritual that was established by the Qing Dynasty ruler in accordance with Tibet＇s social situation and the incarnation system that objectively existed in Tibet.

关 键 词：金瓶掣签 神判文化 活佛转世 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] K281.4[历史地理—中国史]