蜡梅传粉生物学研究  

The Pollination Biology of Chimonanthus praecox(L.)Link(Calycanthaceae)

作　　者：周莉花[1] 郝日明[1] 吴建忠[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省.中国科学院植物研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《园艺学报》2006年第2期323-327,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

摘　　要：对南京地区引种的蜡梅(Chimonanthus praecox)进行传粉生物学研究。结果显示:蜡梅同朵花内的雌雄蕊在时间和空间上都有花期不遇的趋势。蜡梅P/O比值为2847.3±1125.0,OCI值为3,不同处理下的结实率表明蜡梅的繁育系统为兼性异交型,虽有一定自交比例,但需传粉者。传粉昆虫出现的时间一般在晴天,1天内温度较高的中午前后。访花频率和效率受温度影响大。在南京地区蜡梅的主要访问昆虫是膜翅目的东方蜜蜂中华亚种(Apiscerana cerana)和双翅目的黑带食蚜蝇(Epistrophe balteata)、黑边家蝇(Musca hervei)、巨尾阿丽蝇(Aldrichina grahami)。蜡梅品种之间的访问昆虫种类和访问频率无明显区别。This paper evaluated the pollination characteristics of Chimonanthus praecox. The results show that the same flower tends to dichogamous. The value of P/O is 2 847.3 ±1 125.0, and the total value of OCI is 3. The seed set rate with different treatments show that its breeding system is facuhative hybridization, with a small part of self-pollination which needs pollinators. Insects visited C. praecox only in the sunny days and when the highest temperature of day is higher than 10℃, their visiting time is from 10 ： 00 to 14 ： 00 in a day, and its peak is from 12：00 to 13：00. Apis cerana cerana, Aldrichina grahami, Epistrophe balteata, Musca hervei are its main visitors in Nanjing. The different cultivars of C. praecox studied are similar in the species and visiting frequency of visitors. This study can give scientific data to cross-breeding.

关 键 词：蜡梅 传粉生物学 繁育系统 

分 类 号：S685.17[农业科学—观赏园艺]