中央艾滋病防治经费投入的公平性分析  

Equity of central government's AIDS resource allocation in China

作　　者：白玥[1] 王世勇[2] 张毓辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京100050 [2]世界银行驻中国代表处,北京100004 [3]卫生部卫生经济研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2006年第2期113-116,共4页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

摘　　要：目的了解2005年中央艾滋病防治经费编制有关的规则、投入重点、决策影响因素,着重分析中央艾滋病防治经费分配的公平性。方法选择各省人均GDP、农村家庭人均收入、艾滋病感染者人数和艾滋病病人数作为影响中央艾滋病投入的因素,检验它们与中央艾滋病投入的相关性。此外,通过计算艾滋病防治“需求指数”和艾滋病资源分配指标的Kendall和谐系数,分析中央艾滋病经费投入的公平性。结果2005年中央艾滋病防治经费的投入重点是“四免一关怀”。人均艾滋病防治经费与各省艾滋病防治“需求指数”高度一致(r=0.510,P<0.01),但与各省的人均财政收入不一致(r=0.046,P>0.05),说明中央艾滋病投入未与各省财政能力挂钩。结论艾滋病防治经费分配上是公平的,由于未与各省的财政能力挂钩,中央经费分配的公平性在一定程度上“打了折扣”。总体上的公平性并不代表具体每个省所获的经费是公平的,在微观层面,中央艾滋病防治经费分配存在不公平因素。Objective By reviewing national HIV/AIDS budget plan in 2005, relevant rules, priorities, determinants of decision making for HIV/AIDS resource allocation will be understood. Equity of allocating central HIV/AIDS budget to provinces will be analyzed. Methods GDP per capita per province, annual per capita income of household, HIV prevalence,and AIDS prevalence were selected as the parameters used during decision making for HIV/AIDS resource allocation, their correlation with AIDS resource allocation from the central level would be tested. In addition, Kendall＇s Coefficient of Concordance between＂AIDS Resource Needs Index＇and Allocation from the central level was calculated in order to understand equity of national HIV/AIDS budget. Results Priority for spending on HIV/AIDS by the central level in 2005 was＂Four Frees and One Care＂. Allocation on treatment and care, IEC, PMTCT, and others to provinces highly correlated with the level of HIV prevlence. The total allocation,allocation on treatment and care,and others correlated to the level of AIDS prevalence. High concordance （ r = 0. 510, P 〈 0.01 ） was identified bewteen＂AIDS Resource Needs Index＂ and HIV/AIDS resource allocation per capita from the central level to each province. However,low concordance was found between revenue per capita per province and HIV/AIDS resource allocation per capita from the central level to each province （r0.046,P 〈 0.05）. Central HIV/AIDS resource allocation was unlinked with the ability to pay of each province. Conclusions Equity of the central HIV/AIDS resource allocation was compromised. The overall equity could not disguise inequity of resource allocation, which should receive more resource. At micro level, evidence of inequity was identified.

关 键 词：艾滋病 资源分配 公平性 

分 类 号：R512.9[医药卫生—内科学]