虾池浮游植物群落特征及其与虾病的关系  

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITY IN PRAWN POND AND THE RELATIOXSHIPS WITH SHRIMP DISEASE

作　　者：郭皓[1] 于占国[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心,大连116023

出　　处：《海洋科学》1996年第1期39-45,共7页Marine Sciences

摘　　要：１９９１年６月至９月对大连地区３个虾场养殖的中国对虾及虾池浮游植 物群落进行了调查，研究了虾池浮游植物群落的组成结构、数量分布、演替特征及 其与虾病之间的关系。结果表明，虾池浮游植物群落组成和数量分布具有较大的突 发性；优势种单一，多为赤潮生物种类，有些种类原本为底栖生活；群落演替时间 短，变化快；养殖对虾发病症状为红腿和黄鳃，严重者出现死亡。浮游植物的总量尤 其是赤潮种类的总量与对虾的发病程度有正相关性；群落中物种多样性指数（Ｈ 值）与虾病程度有负相关性。这对深入了解虾池浮游植物群落特征，改善虾池水质， 综合治理虾病具有一定的预报、预防及指导意义。The characterstics of phytoplankton community in prawn pond and the coastal water in Dalian area were studied here. The result shows that the structure of phytoplankton communities including a number of benthic populations were very different from that in ocean. The kinds of and the numbers of algae cells in prawn pond changed suddenly comparing with that in ocean. Many dominant species were pollution--tolerant species and toxogenic or harmful red tide organisms. Succession times of the dominant species were short and changed rapidly. There was a negative correlation between the diversity index of phytoplankton communities and a postive correlation. between the kinds and numbers of the phytoplankton communities and the state of prawn growth.

关 键 词：虾池 浮游植物 群落特征 虾病 相关性 赤潮生物 

分 类 号：S945.1[农业科学—水产养殖]