水盾草入侵沉水植物群落主要种群生态位和种间联结研究  

Studies on niche characteristics and interspecific association of main populations in submerged communities invaded by Cabomba caroliniana.

作　　者：曹培健[1] 于明坚[1] 金孝锋[1] 丁炳扬[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院,浙江杭州310012 [2]温州师范学院生命与环境科学学院,浙江温州325027

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2006年第3期334-340,共7页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39970145)

摘　　要：研究了水生外来植物水盾草(Cabomba caroliniana)入侵沉水植物群落的不同种群生态位特征和种间联结性.选择了其扩散区域内的24个样地进行群落学调查,测定了群落中13个种群的生态位宽度、生态位重叠、多物种间总体关联性及成对物种间联结性,结果表明:①水盾草入侵沉水植物群落13个种群中,水盾草的生态位宽度最大,金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum)、黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)和苦草(Vallisneria natans)次之.②水盾草与金鱼藻、黑藻、苦草和黄花狸藻(Utricularia aurea)间生态位重叠较大,与其他物种间的生态位重叠较小.③水盾草和金鱼藻、苦草、黑藻之间具有一定的正联结,而与其他物种间的联结性不显著,基本上趋于独立出现.由此可见,水盾草在中国急剧扩散,对常见的乡土种有很大的负面影响,导致群落物种多样性下降,应加强防控研究.The niche characteristics and interspecific association of populations in submerged communities invaded by Cabornba caroliniana were studied. 24 communities have been carried out and the niche breadths, niche overlaps, multi-interspecies association, and pair-interspecies association of 13 populations are obtained on the investigation. The results showed that： （i） Among the 13 populations, the niche breadth of C. caroliniana is the biggest, and Ceratophyllurn dernersurn, Hydrilla verticillat, and Vallisneria natans is minor. （ii） C. caroliniana has greater niche overlaps with C. dernersurn, H. verticillata, V. natans, and Utricularia aurea, and those between C. caroliniana and other populations are smaller. （iii） C, caroliniana has positive association with C. dernersurn, V, natans and H. verticillata, and association with other populations is not significant that they occur independently. It can be seen that the rapid invasion of C. caroliniana has great negative effects to familiar native species, and it can also bring decline to species diversity in communities. Controlling the spread of C. caroliniana should be strengthened.

关 键 词：水盾草 生物入侵 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 种间联结 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]