硅酸盐体系的化学平衡:(1)物质平衡原理  

Chemical Equilibrium in Silicate Systems: Part Ⅰ,Mass Balance Principle

作　　者：马鸿文[1] 杨静[1] 刘贺[1] 李贺香[1] 白志民[1] 王庆华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学矿物材料国家专业实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《现代地质》2006年第2期329-339,共11页Geoscience

基　　金：教育部博士学科点基金项目(1999049114);中国地质大学矿物材料国家专业实验室开放基金项目(04101);河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(0524250042)

摘　　要：通过具体应用实例,系统介绍了在硅酸盐体系的化学平衡研究中,依据物质平衡原理,求解“相混合方程”(PME)而进行物相定量分析的“相混合计算”(PMC)方法。应用实例包括矿物原料和结晶岩物相的定量分析,复杂固溶体矿物的端员组分计算,多组分硅酸盐陶瓷的配料比例计算,以及硅酸盐陶瓷制品物相的定量分析。物相定量分析结果是结晶岩和工业岩石原料分类命名的基础,可以为改进矿物原料预处理工艺提供依据,也是研究硅酸盐体系的化学平衡、对材料制备过程进行热力学分析的基础。实际计算中必须合理估计各种分析数据的累积误差。优化计算结果的理论依据主要有矿物晶体化学原理、矿物共生组合规律和次要组分分配的固溶体矿物相优先原则。The linear programming and the least-squares approximation algorithms for estimating phase proportions in the Phase Mixing Equation （PME）, in basis of the mass balance principle, were reviewed in detail by several typical applications, including modal analysis of mineral raw materials and crystalline rocks, estimation of the end members in mineral solid solutions, burden calculations of multi-component silicate ceramics, and calculations of the phase proportions in silicate ceramic products. The data as-resolved are bases for classifying crystalline rocks and industrial rocks, for improving preprocessing techniques of mineral raw materials, and also for thermodynamic analysis of materials processes at high temperatures to approach chemical equilibrium in silicate systems. The accumulated uncertainties in various analytical data must be kept in mind during the Phase Mixing Calculation （PMC） in practice. Both of phase proportions and compositions of mineral solid solutions could be optionally approximated, based upon the principle of mineral crystal chemistry, the law of mineral paragenetic assemblage, and the priority of partitioning of minor components into the solid solution phases.

关 键 词：矿物材料 硅酸盐 物质平衡 相混合方程 线性规划法 最小二乘法 

分 类 号：P575[天文地球—矿物学] P579[天文地球—地质学]