淹水对大麦与小麦若干生理生化特性影响的比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Resistance of Barley and Wheat to Waterlogging

作　　者：王三根[1] 何立人[1] 李正玮[1] 曾金国 柴友荣[1] 侯磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南农业大学农学系,四川重庆630716

出　　处：《作物学报》1996年第2期228-232,共5页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：四川省基础理论研究项目

摘　　要：涝害使大麦和小麦种子淀粉酶活性及幼苗干物重增长速度减慢,脱氢酶活性、叶绿素与蛋白质含量降低。根系可溶性糖低于对照,但茎叶可溶性糖及游离脯氨酸含量则高于对照。大麦对淹水的反应比小麦敏感,膜透性增高可能是其重要原因。大麦与小麦籽粒α-淀粉酶活性及植株蛋白质含量在涝害下迅速降低都是最为敏感的生化指标;而大麦本身最突出的变化还有茎叶可溶性糖及细胞电解质渗漏率的显著增加。适当喷施6-BA（10mg/L）可解缓植株的涝害症状,对大麦的抗涝性提高尤为有效,这可能与增强SOD酶活性,降低细胞膜透性有关。Barley varieties V24, Zhao Shu 3 and wheat varieties Mian Yiang 21, Chuan Mai 22 were waterlogged and the physiological and biochemical responses of plants were investigated. The decreases of seed amylase activity and seedling dry weight of both barley and wheat were found after waterlogging. The leaf decoloration, chlorophyll catabolism and the fall of de-hydrogenase activity, protein and root soluble sugar contents were also observed because of flooding injury. In contrast, there was an increase of stern and leaf soluble sugar and free proline content in waterlogged plant. One of the reason that barley varieties showed more sensitive than wheat ones to waterlogging was the sharp raise of their cell electrolytes leakage. The seed α-amy-lase activity and plant protein content were useful index for estimating both barley and wheatflooding injury. But for barley, there were more specific sensitive parameter——the remarkableincrease of the stem and leaf soluble sugar and leakage of cell electrolytes. 6-BA (10 ppm) of foliar spray improved seedling waterlogging resistance especially for barley. It was suggested that 6-BA facilitated the stability of cell membrances because of inducing the increase of SOD activity.

关 键 词：大麦 小麦 湿害 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S422[农业科学—植物保护]