Phratry是“胞族”吗?  

Can Phratry be translated into Baozu in Chinese?

作　　者：何元国[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学历史文化学院,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《安徽史学》2006年第3期103-106,共4页Historical Research In Anhui

摘　　要：Phratry是古希腊(特别是雅典)社会的一个基层组织,过去我们常常译为“胞族”。西方学术界新的研究成果表明,美洲印第安人的社会组织与古希腊社会组织不是一一对应的关系。“胞族”这个译名对摩尔根《古代社会》一书而言是很恰当的。但是,古希腊的phratry是一个血缘与地缘相结合的组织,有些类似中国先秦的“乡”、“党”,译成“胞族”会引起中国学者对这个组织的误解。对phratry和它的中文译名的考辩,有利于认识古希腊社会的组织状况。Phratry was a social organization in Ancient Greek society, esp. in Athens, which is usually translated into Baozu （胞族）by Chinese scholars. According to the recent Western classical researches, the social organizations in Ancient Greeksociety can not find their counterparts in American Indian society. Baozu is faithful to Phratry in the Chinese version of Lewis H. Morgan＇ masterpiece： Anctent Society. However, Phratry in Ancient Greece was a natural community and a mixture of personal and local characteristics. In my opinion, it seems like Xiang or Dang（township） in Pre- Qin Chinese society. This article dealing with the two terms Phratry and Baozu will be helpful for us to understand the framework of the social organizations in Ancient Greece.

关 键 词：Phratry 胞族 摩尔根 

分 类 号：K545.1[历史地理—历史学]