细菌人工染色体(BAC)文库及其在小麦中的应用  

Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) Library and Its Application in Wheat

作　　者：刘越[1] 孔秀英[1] 吴佳洁[1] 肖建会[1] 刘旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物种质资源与生物技术重点开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2006年第3期159-163,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2004CB117202)。

摘　　要：细菌人工染色体(BAC)具有容量大、遗传稳定、易于操作等优点,在基因组研究和基因功能分析等方面得到了广泛应用。对BAC文库克隆载体的类型、小麦BAC文库的构建及其应用进行了综述,并对其前景进行了展望。细菌人工染色体载体是由大肠杆菌的F-因子发展而来,第一代BAC克隆载体pBAC108l能容纳300kb的片段,但它只具有转化选择标记,没有重组选择标记。第二代载体是将LacZ基因插入到多克隆位点中形成具有重组选择标记类型的载体如pBeloBAC11,在该载体的基础上经过改造和改进又发展了一些特殊用途的载体,如富集基因类型和遗传转化类型的载体。近年来利用这些载体构建了小麦二倍体、四倍体、六倍体基因组BAC文库以及小麦特定染色体BAC文库,并以单克隆或混合池的形式保存。这些小麦BAC文库对于小麦基因克隆、基因组及基因区物理图谱的构建以及比较基因组学等方面的研究具有重要的意义。Bacterial artificial chromosome （BAC） has several advantages such as large capacity, hereditary stability, and easily handling, etc. It has been widely used in genome research and gene function analysis. This paper reviewed the BAC cloning system, BAC library construction and application in wheat. The BAC cloning vector is derived from F-factor of E. coli. pBAC1081 is its first generation, which could hold 300 kb fragment, but has no selection marker for recombinants. The second generation vector was developed by inserting LacZ gene into the multiple cloning sites resulting in color selection. Some other modifications were adopted to this vector for special uses, such as enriching the genes and directly use in the genetic transformation. The BAC libraries for diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid wheat and specific chromosome of wheat have been constructed and stored as in single clone or pools recently. These BAC libraries have played important roles in map-based gene cloning, physical mapping and comparative genomics in wheat in recent years.

关 键 词：小麦 细菌人工染色体文库 基因组学 选择标记 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S335.4