泉州湾虾池浮游植物种类多样性研究  

Species Diversity of Phytoplanktons in Shrimp Aquiculture Areas in the Quanzhou Bay,Fujian Province

作　　者：李雪松[1] 梁君荣[1] 陈长平[1] 谢文玲[1] 高亚辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学生命科学学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《厦门大学学报（自然科学版）》2006年第B05期234-239,共6页Journal of Xiamen University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30270118;40476055;30499340)资助

摘　　要：2003年11月～2004年5月对福建泉州湾东海虾池进行定点采样，并分析其浮游植物的种类多样性和种群动态．结果表明，泉州湾虾池共有浮游植物42属166种，硅藻为优势种群，共35属154种；甲藻3属6种．新月筒柱藻Cylindrotheca closterium、微小小环藻Cyclotella caspia、狭窄双眉藻Amphora angusta、菱形藻属Nitzschia为主要优势种，它们在浮游植物群落总细胞数中的百分比平均高达34．8％．通过对水温、营养盐、浮游植物种群密度及群落的多样性指数和均匀度的分析，发现虾池高强度的排污排废所引起的富营养化已很大程度影响了浮游植物的群落结构和时空分布，使生物多样性和均匀度下降，少数优势种类大量繁殖．硅藻和甲藻赤潮的发生机会增多．The samples for the present study were collected seasonally from the shrimp aquiculture areas in the Quanzhou Bay, Fujian Province during October 2003 to May 2004 and were observed under a light microscope. A total of 166 taxa belonging to 42 genera of phytoplankton were identified. The results showed that the phytoplankton community was mainly composed of diatoms （154 species） and few dinoflagellates （6 species）. The seasonal succession of dominant species was remarkable. The most dominant species were Cyclotella caspia、Nitzschia sp.、Cylindrotheca closterium （accounting for 34.8% of the total cell densities of phytoplankton）. The species composition, cell abundance, seasonal variation, species diversity and evenness index of phytoplanktons were used to analyze the characteristics of community structure of phytoplanktons in the investigation area. Eutrophic aquatic ecosystem has caused the decline of the species diversity and evenness of phyplankton and only few dominant species increased rapidly, redtide of diatoms and dinoflagellates occurred frequently.

关 键 词：虾池养殖 浮游植物 种类组成 

分 类 号：S963.21[农业科学—水产养殖] Q178.532[农业科学—水产科学]