好氧反硝化菌的分离及其在土壤氮素转化过程中的作用  

ISOLATION OF AEROBIC DENITRIFIERS AND THEIR ROLES IN SOIL NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION

作　　者：周立祥[1] 黄峰源[1] 王世梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源环境科学学院环境工程系,南京210095

出　　处：《土壤学报》2006年第3期430-435,共6页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-04-0505)

摘　　要：在土壤厌氧条件下发生的生物反硝化作用是影响作物对土壤氮素利用率和影响环境质量的重要氮素转化过程。本研究从土壤中分离到在好氧条件下也能进行反硝化的3株细菌。其中1株为严格好氧的异养菌,编号为AD26。另外2株为兼性菌,分别为AD7和AD60。根据其形态和生理生化特征初步鉴定为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonassp.)。在好氧培养的液体培养基中AD26和AD7在24 h内能通过反硝化作用使硝态氮表观损失率分别达到21%和18%。而在好氧的土壤培养中,二个菌株在3 d内能使土壤中硝态氮表观损失率达到56%,同时少有反硝化中间产物的积累。因此,在农业生产中不应忽视在好氧条件下的生物反硝化作用。Denitrification occurring mostly in flooded soil is considered as an important process which reduces use efficiency of soil nitrogen and affects environmental quality. In this study, 3 strains of denitrifiers were isolated from soil. Of the 3 strains, one is obligate aerobic bacteria coded as AD26, the other two strains are facuhative bacteria coded as AD7 and AD60. Based on the morphological, physiological, and biochemical features of the three isolated strains, they were identified as Pseudomonas sp. In an aerobic incubation trial, N denitrification loss in the liquid culture medium inoculated with AD26 and AD7 reached to 21% and 18%, respectively, in 24 hours. In an aerobic soil incubation trial, about 56% of the soil nitrate-N was lost in the first three days due to denitrification in the presence of AD26 or AD7. Moreover, soil nitrate was eventually transformed into nitrogen oxide or N2, leaving no nitrite left in accumulation. Therefore, the bio-denitrification in the farmland should not be overlooked.

关 键 词：好氧 反硝化细菌 分离 土壤 氮形态 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]