高等教育扩展与入学机会差异:1978～2003  

Expansion of Higher Education in China and Inequality in Entrance Opportunities: 1978-2003

作　　者：刘精明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会》2006年第3期158-179,共22页Chinese Journal of Sociology

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(项目编号:05BSH013)资助

摘　　要：自1978年中国高考制度恢复以来,社会阶层背景、本人职业位置、高中教育分流、城市等级、性别等因素对不同形式的高等教育入学机会的影响存在着较大差异;自1999年高等教育扩招以来,社会阶层背景的影响出现了两种截然不同的变化态势:优势阶层的教育投资趋向转向正规的大学本科,因而他们在大学本科教育方面的机会优势则出现成倍扩大。同时,受过良好教育的体力劳动者的子代在获得各类高等教育机会时均保持并继续扩大着较高的机会优势。本研究采用GSS2003数据,分析技术为事件史的Cox比例风险模型。Since 1978 when the college entrance examination was resumed in China, factors such as social class background, personal occupational status, the streaming and tracking of senior high schools, the rank order of a city, and the biological sex have demonstrated substantial differentiating effects on the higher education entrance opportunities. Since the higher education expansion in 1998,. the impact of the social class background has been seen in the shift of the educational investment by the children of the privileged strata from the second-tier in higher education to the formal college Bachelor-degree programs. Meanwhile, well-educated children of manual laborers have all been able to maintain and continue to expand their bettered opportunities in various forms of higher education. Based on the GSS 2003 data, the current study employed the Cox proportional hazard model in its technical analysis.

关 键 词：高等教育扩展 机会差异 社会阶层 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]