杂交水稻抽穗扬花期高温对结实率及相关生理特性的影响  

Effects of High Temperature in Flowering Stage of Hybrid Rice on Seed Set and Its Related Physiological Characteristics

作　　者：雷东阳[1] 陈立云[1] 李稳香[2] 姜琴[3] 张桂莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学水稻科学研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省种子管理站,湖南长沙410005 [3]华南农业大学生命科学学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2006年第3期68-71,共4页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(3015004)

摘　　要：用生产上大面积应用的7个杂交水稻组合及其恢复系为材料,以汕优63作对照,通过分期播种试验和人工气候室高温处理,研究了杂交水稻抽穗扬花期高温对结实率及相关生理特性的影响。结果表明,抽穗扬花期高于32℃的日均温能引起结实率明显下降,供试组合在高温下结实率的稳定性依次为:汕优63、Ⅱ优838、陆两优106>丝优63、金优725、汕优桂99>Ⅰ优198、两优培九;杂交水稻耐高温能力与其父本呈显著线性正相关;在37℃高温处理下,杂交水稻叶片中丙二醛(MDA)和可溶性糖含量显著增加,类胡萝卜素(Car)含量显著降低,耐热性较强的组合在高温胁迫下累积可溶性糖的能力较强,而MDA和Car含量的变幅相对较小,这3种指标可以作为水稻耐热性鉴定的生理指标。Using seven widely used hybrid rice combinations and their restorer lines as the materials, and Shanyou 63 as control, the effects of high temperature in flowering stage on seed setting rate and its related physiological characteristics in hybrid rice were studied by way of split seedings and high temperature treatment in phytotron. The results showed that the seed set decreased obviously when the daily mean temperature was over 32℃. The order of the tested combinations in stability to high temperature was Shanyou 63, Ⅱ you 838, Luliangyou 106 〉 Siyou 63, Jinyou 725, Shanyou Gui 99 〉 I You 198, Liangyou Peijiu. The heat tolerance ability of hybrid rice was closely and positively related to its restorer line.The contents of MDA and soluble sugar in the leaf of hybrid rice increased, but the content of carotenoid （Car） declined under the 37 ℃ high temperature treatment. However, the hybrids with better heat tolerance had a higher accumulation of soluble sugar, but a smaller change in the contents of MDA and Car. These three indexes could be taken as the physiological indicators for heat tolerance of rice.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 抽穗扬花期 高温胁迫 结实率 生理特性 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]