从“纸上同盟”到“行动的同盟”:冷战后日美安全关系的新变化  

From“A League on Paper”to“A League in Action”:New Development inthe Japan-US Relations Concerning Security after the Cold War

作　　者：黄大慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京100872

出　　处：《教学与研究》2006年第5期51-57,共7页Teaching and Research

摘　　要：日美同盟是美苏冷战的产物,形成于上世纪50年代初期,经过1960年新安保条约的签署,其军事同盟性质进一步凸现。冷战的终结、特别是苏联的解体,使日美同盟失去维系的纽带与支点,面临前所未有的巨大挑战。1996年日美联合宣言的发表,标志着日美关系重归以安全为中心的轨道。经过不断的调整与强化,日美军事同盟的性质已由防御型的同盟关系转变为“地区主导型”的同盟关系,日美安全合作的范围、双方在其中所扮演的角色以及合作内容等都发生了重大的变化。特别是“9.11”事件后日本“借船出海”战略的实施,已使日美同盟由原来受和平宪法制约的“纸上同盟”变成极富攻击性的“行动的同盟”。随着中国的崛起,日美同盟针对中国的倾向日趋明显,如何应对其消极影响已成为摆在我们面前的重要战略课题。The Japan-US league, which was formed in the early 1950s, has been a product of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. Its nature as a military league became more obvious after the Japan-US New Security Treaty was signed in 1960. With the end of the Cold War and the disaggregation of the Soviet Union, justification for existence of this league was shattered and it then met with tremendous challenges. The Joint Declaration of Japan and the United States of America signed in 1996 signaled that relations between these two countries had returned to the original orientation of security. With a series of adjustments and reinforcements, their military relation changed from a league of defense to a league concerning ＂regional affairs＂. Consequently, the scope of their cooperation, the roles played by each party, and the contents of cooperation have all undergone great changes. Implementation of the Japanese strategy ＂to borrow boat to sail＂ after the ＂9 ·11＂ incidence turned the original Japan-US league which was subject to the constitution of peace as ＂a league on paper＂ to an aggressive ＂league in action＂. It has directed increasing attention to China as China gradually arises. Therefore, how we should deal with its negative effect becomes an important strategic issue.

关 键 词：日美同盟 日美安保体制 “海外派兵” “有事法制” 冷战 美国 日本 外交工作 

分 类 号：D831.3[政治法律—政治学] D871.2[政治法律—外交学]