中国出土的一批战国古玻璃样品化学成分的检测  

A report of the analysis of the chemical composition of some glass artifacts from the Warring States period

作　　者：李青会[1] 黄教珍[1] 李飞[2] 干福熹[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西科技师范学院,江西南昌330013 [2]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所,上海201800

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2006年第2期8-13,共6页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50272071);江西省科技厅(20041G0009600);教育厅2005年软件科学项目(GJGZ[2005144])资助

摘　　要：对化学成分体系的确定是中国古代玻璃研究中很重要的一个方面,为此,用外束质子激发X荧光技术(PIXE)、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱分析(ICP AES)等方法,对新疆、湖北、河南和重庆等地区出土的一批战国时期的玻璃珠(包含镶嵌玻璃珠)、玻璃璧样品进行了检测。结果表明,战国时期中国境内同时存在PbO BaOSiO2、K2O SiO2、Na2O CaO SiO2三种硅酸盐玻璃,分布的地域范围从中国的新疆东部一直到长江、黄河流域,以及南方的四川、贵州等地区。中国古代的PbO BaO SiO2和K2O SiO2玻璃在技术发展上应该具有密切联系。结合文献资料对这些玻璃的产地等相关问题进行了简要讨论。It is important to confirm the chemical composition of ancient Chinese glass. In this study, methods such as proton- induced X- ray emission （PIXE）, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry （ICP- AEP）, and energy dispersive X - my fluorescence spectrometry （EDXRF） were used on glass artifacts from the Warring States period which had been unearthed from places such as Xinjiang, Hubei, Henan and Chongqing. These samples include monochromatic glass beads,compound eye-beads and glass discs（ Bi）.The study shows that,three kinds of glass; Na2O-CaO- SiO2,K2O- SiO2 and PbO- BaO- SiO2 coexisted in Xinjiang during the Warring States period.These artifacts were distributed in an area covering Northwest China,the valleys of the Yellow river and the Yangtze river,and other places such as Sichuan and Guizhou. The eye - beads unearthed from the Marquise of Sui belong to the Na2O - CaO - SiO2 system. But their Na2O content was lower than that of the typical western Na2O - CaO - SiO2. It also contained some PbO. All the artifacts unearthed from the city of Chongqing belong to the PhO- BaO- SiO2 system. For the monochromatic beads and the compound eye-beads of the Warring States period （475- 221B. C. ）,their chemical composition could be traced to two different silicate glass systems, the K2O - SiO2 and the PbO - BaO - SiO2. Think that the technical development of these two glass systems is supposed to the related. With the results gathered, the paper also presents a discussion about the places where the glasses were produced and other related issues.

关 键 词：PIXE 战国 中国古代玻璃 化学成分 

分 类 号：K876.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]