塔六点蓟马对山楂叶螨的功能反应  

Functional response of predatory thrips Scolothrips takahashii Prisener to Tetranychus viennensis Zacher

作　　者：李定旭[1,2] 田娟[3] 沈佐锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学昆虫系 [2]河南科技大学园林系,洛阳471003 [3]河南科技大学园林系

出　　处：《生态学报》2006年第5期1414-1421,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"十五"攻关课题资助项目(2001BA50PB01);河南省教育厅资助项目(200510464017)~~

摘　　要：室内采用叶碟饲养的方法研究了苹果园塔六点蓟马Scolothrips takahashii各发育阶段对山楂叶螨Tetranychus viennensis各虫态的功能反应,结果表明,塔六点蓟马成虫、幼虫对叶螨的卵、幼若螨及成螨的功能反应均为Holling-Ⅱ型;随着蓟马个体的不断生长,其捕食量逐渐增大,雌成虫的捕食量显著大于雄虫,但其捕食的猎物数量随着叶螨个体的不断生长而减少;温度对蓟马成虫的功能反应有明显的影响,在20～35℃范围内,随着温度的升高其处置时间缩短、捕食能力明显增强;蓟马成虫的日龄对其功能反应也有明显影响,雌虫在日龄在12d之后,捕食能力逐渐减弱,15d日龄的雌虫对螨卵的处置时间显著长于3～6d日龄,雄虫则在9d日龄时对螨卵的处置时间已显著延长.Scolothrips takahashii Prisener is an important specialized predator of hawthorn spider mite, Tetranychus viennensis Zacher, a damaging pest in apple orchard in Northern China. In this study, a leaf disc bioassay was used to examine the functional response of each active stage of the predatory thrips against the spider mite under the conditions of （25 ± 1 ） ℃, RH 60 % ± 10 %, and a photoperiod of 16L： 8D; the influences of temperature and age of adult thrips on the functional response were also investigated at different level of constant temperatures and prey densities. Logistic regression was used to determine the type of functional response and Roger＇s random predator equation to fit the experimental data; then a non-linear regression, i.e. Gause-Newton, was used to estimate and compare the attack rates and handling times among different treatments. The results indicated that functional responses of the thrips, including 1^st larvae, 2^nd larvae, female and male adults against each stage of the spider mite belonged to Holling- Ⅱ type. The number of prey killed by the thrips increased hyperbolically with increasing prey densities in each trial. Handling time （ Th ） estimates for the thrips decreased as the mite developed and increased with the development of thrips themselves, e.g. the Th of female adults of S. takahashii preying on eggs, larvae, protonymphs, deutonymphs, and females adult of T. viennensis were 0.4031, 0.6066, 0.7622, 1.0829, and 1.4524h, respectively, but when eggs of the mites were offered as prey, the Th of the thrips decreased from 2.779 h in 1^st larvae to 0.403 h and 1.2660 h in females and males respectively. There was no significant difference in the attack rates （a） among various stages of the thrips due to the overlaps of their associated 95 % confidence interval, but significant differences were recorded in the handling times. In other wards, the smaller the prey, the shorter the handling times. Handling times in female thrips were significant shorter than that

关 键 词：塔六点蓟马 山楂叶螨 功能反应 温度 年龄 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.6[农业科学—植物保护]