行为干预对不同人群职业紧张的作用  

Intervention of occupational stress in different occupational groups

作　　者：杨新伟[1] 王治明[2] 金泰廙[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室,上海200032 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》2006年第6期530-533,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30500402)

摘　　要：目的探讨职业紧张的行为干预作用。方法采用职业紧张量表(OSI-R),对中高层管理人员(11人)、一般管理人员(15人)、技术人员(19人)、专业人员(36人)共计81例进行职业紧张干预研究。结果①在T分≥60组,任务不适、任务模糊这两个职业任务子项所占的比重大(分别为28.40%、26.85%);业务紧张反应子项所占的比重大(43.31%)。②中高层管理人员,任务不适、任务模糊和工作环境子项;业务紧张反应、人际关系紧张反应子项;干预后较干预前得分显著下降(P<0.05)。③技术人员,任务过重、任务不适、任务模糊子项;业务紧张反应、心理紧张反应、人际关系紧张反应子项;干预后较干预前得分显著下降(P<0.01)。④一般管理人员,任务过重、任务不适、责任感子项;业务紧张反应、人际关系紧张反应子项;干预后较干预前得分显著下降(P<0.05)。⑤专业人员,任务过重、任务不适、任务模糊子项;业务紧张反应、心理紧张反应、人际关系紧张反应、躯体紧张反应子项;干预后较干预前得分显著下降(P<0.01)。结论对不同职业职工提出有针对性的干预措施(组织、个体)同时结合心理学干预措施,对职业紧张者进行干预,对降低职业紧张确有一定的效果。Objective To intervene occupational stress in executive group, technical group, administratire support group and professional group. Methods OSI-R scale scores, OSI-R profile form were used for executive group, technical group, administrative support group and professional group. At the same time, this model and OSI-R profile form can be used in real llfe to estimate the levels of occupation stress. Efficient intervention measure was taken to reduce the occupational stress and strain and strengthen their coping resources. Different treatmentshould be taken separately in accordance with special occupation as their stressors and strain characteristics are distinct. Results （ 1 ） For T scores at or above 60, distribution of role insufficiency, role ambiguity and vocational strain were higher（28.40% ,26.85% and 43.31% ）. （2） In the executive group, the scores of role insufficiency, role ambiguity, physical environment, vocational strain, interpersonal strain were obviously reduced after intervention （ P〈 0.05）. （3） In the technical group, the scores of role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, vocational strain, psychological strain, inter-personal strain were significantly reduced after intervention （ P 〈 0.01 ）. （4） In the administrative support group, the scores of role overload, role insufficiency, responsibility, vocational strain, interpersonal strain were significantly reduced afterintervention （ P〈 0.05 ）. （5） In the professional group, the scores of role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, vocational strain, psychological strain, interpersonal strain and physical strain were obviously reduced after intervention （ P〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Occupational stress norm , scale raw score to T-score conversion table, OSI-R profile form were used for executive group, technical group, administrative support group and professional group to estimate the levels of occupation stress. At the same time, this model could be used. Efficient intervention measure w

关 键 词：职业卫生 职业紧张 干预 

分 类 号：C913.2[经济管理]