石河子绿洲农田温湿度变化特征分析  

Study on the Change of Temperature and Humidity at Oasis Croplands with Different Distances to Deserts in the Shihezi Region

作　　者：马兰花[1] 吕新[1] 杨利勇[1] 张伟[1] 宋涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2006年第2期355-358,共4页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家重大基础研究前期研究专项(2003CCA02300)

摘　　要：通过选择距沙漠不同距离的棉田进行内外温湿度观测,并分析其增温幅度变化特征,在不同空间尺度进一步研究古尔班通古特沙漠对石河子绿洲增温效应的变化趋势,深入分析沙漠对绿洲的增温效应及其对作物的影响,为绿洲的特色栽培技术及发展绿洲特色农业,高产、优质、高效提供理论依据。The study area is located in 150th Farm in the north of Mosuowan region in Shihezi, northern piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains and the southern marginal zone of the Junggar Basin, the farm is in a southeast-northwest narrow zone and extends into the Gurbantonggut Desert （the second largest desert in China） about 60 km. The south-north length and east-west width of the farm are 35.75 km and 17.56 km respectively, its area is 451 km^2, the terrain is level and slopes by 0.74‰ only from southeast to northwest, and its elevation varies in a range of 332-361 m a. s. l. It belongs to the typical arid climate, the annual precipitation is only 117.2 mm, but the annual evaporation is as high as 1 942.1 mm; it is hot in summer but cold in winter, drift sand disasters occur frequently, and the annual, extremely maximum and minimum temperatures are 6.1℃, 43.1℃ and - 42.8℃ respectively. The distribution of agroclimatic resources is affected by geographical factors. In this paper, the change of temperature and humidity at oasis croplands with different distances to deserts in 150th Farm in the north of Mosuowan region is researched. The results show that the temperature in July varies in a range of 24-33℃ because of the temperature increase effect of the deserts, the sunshine duration during the period from April to September varies in a range of 1 460-1 980 hours, the humidity over the croplands is low, and the plant diseases and insect pests occur infrequently, these are advantageous for growing crops, especially for growing cotton. The study results can provide the theoretical basis for developing oasis agriculture.

关 键 词：绿洲农田 增温效应 沙漠 石河子 新疆 

分 类 号：S162[农业科学—农业气象学]