可调节土壤湿度的导水纤维功能薄膜的研究  

Functional Film Using Coated Fibers to Adjust Soil Moisture

作　　者：张增志[1] 张利梅[1] 程海涛[1] 牛俊杰[1] 张际飞[1] 刘铭[1] 许海凤[1] 黄华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)生态功能材料研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《材料工程》2006年第4期16-20,共5页Journal of Materials Engineering

基　　金：国家"863"计划资助项目(2001AA1322100);北京市教育委员会共建计划产学研合作资助项目(ZH114140537)

摘　　要：通过聚乙烯醇和超细层状无机材料以不同比例混合对植物纤维做涂层化处理，借助显微照片分析了涂层与纤维及纤维与基体的复合；利用示差扫描量热法和热重法分析了涂层比例对纤维表面吸附水的影响；测量了膜材包装水后在失水率随温度和湿度的变化；通过应用蓄水渗膜包装水现场造林，统计了造林成活率。结果表明：导水纤维经涂层处理后可实现与环境友好高分子基材的浸润结合；通过调整导水纤维涂层中的聚乙烯醇与片层无机物混合比例，可实现不同的渗水速度；蓄水渗膜材料能够根据土壤的温度和湿度变化调节渗水速度，从而可以根据需要调整土壤含水量；应用蓄水渗膜材料造林的树苗成活率比对照林高出20％～50％，生长量也有明显优势。The coating of fibers was prepared for water penetration through a film with polyvinyl alcohol and laminar inorganic material in different proportion. The combination between the coating and fibers, and the fibers and matrix were analyzed through SEM and micrograms. The characteristics of water absorbability and dehydration of the coating were illustrated with DSC and TG curves. The rate of water loss through WSCF（Water Storage and Controlled-release Film）was measured in environments at different temperatures and With different moisture. WSCF was also used for the field test, and the survival rate of afforestation was investigated. The results showed that the coating can improve the affinity between the fibers and resin matrix; the water penetration rate can be regulated by varying the proportion of the coating material; WSCF can adjust the water penetration rate according to the soil moisture suitable for plant growth in arid area; the survival rate of afforestation using WSCF is increased by 20%-50%, and the amount of growth is also improved.

关 键 词：纤维 涂层 薄膜 荒漠化 植树造林 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]