基于稀疏离散τ-p变换的叠后地震道内插  

Interpolation of poststack seismic traces based on sparse discreteτ-p transform.

作　　者：张红梅[1] 刘洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2006年第3期281-285,共5页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重大项目(编号KZCX1-SW-18;KZCX1-Y01);国家自然科学基金重大项目(编号49894190);大庆油田勘探开发研究院资助项目

摘　　要：τ-p变换是一种有效的地震数据插值方法,但在实际应用中,由于存在着地震数据信息量不足及有限的孔径和离散等因素,往往导致在τ-p域的地震数据插值结果存在假象、不准确。研究表明:在τ-p域对地震数据进行稀疏,即正确选择离散参数的采样对于重建缺失的地震信息非常重要。为此本文提出了一种基于稀疏离散τ-p变换的地震道内插方法。该法根据叠后零炮检距剖面在局部时窗内可以看作是一系列线性同相轴的组合,使用稀疏离散τ-p变换和预条件双共轭梯度算法进行地震道内插。理论数据试算和实际资料处理结果证实该法能使地震数据空间方向的采样得到加密,有效去除了空间假频。Theτ-p transform is useful method for seismic data interpolation. But due to lack of enough information of seismic data and limited aspect as well as digitalization etc in practice, the false and incorrect phenomenon often appear in seismic data interpolated inτ-p domain. The studied results showed it is important to reconstruct the absent seismic information when implementing sparse processing of seismic data inτ-p domain, i. e. by cor- rectly choosing the samples of discrete parameters. For that reason, the paper presented a method of seismic traces interpolation based on sparse discreteτ-p transform. On the basis that the posts-tack zero-offset sections can be seen as a composition of a series of linear events, the paper uses the sparse discreteτ-p transform and precondition double conjugate gradient algorithm to interpolate seismic traces. Theoretical data tests and real data processing proved that the method could increase the density of samples of seismic data in spatial direction that effectively removes the spatial aliasing.

关 键 词：RADON变换 稀疏离散τ—P变换 预条件双共轭梯度法 内插 

分 类 号：P631.443[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] O211.67[天文地球—地质学]