山东古代气候与海岸变迁  

Ancient Climate and Seacoast Vicissitude of Shandong Province

作　　者：毛晓平[1] 刘翠芝[1] 卢友发 

机构地区：[1]济南市气象局,山东济南250002 [2]信阳市气象局,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《河南气象》2006年第2期31-34,共4页Meteorology Journal of Henan

摘　　要：利用有关考古资料以及前人的研究成果，分析了山东地区气候与古代文化的关系以及气候对海岸变迁的影响。结果表明，距今8500～7500年，该地区曾经是气候温暖、水网密布的亚热带景观。这一时期，遗址附近有沼泽和大面积水域，山地有森林覆盖，反映为湿热的亚热带气候环境，其植被具有明显的草原特征。距今75130～6300年，气候较今日温暖湿润。山林灌木丛生，芦苇草地茂密，河谷湖泊发育，大致与现在长江流域的气候条件相似。距今6000～5500年，气候、地貌、自然景观与今日有别，气候温暖湿润，处于大西洋期，一般称之为气候最宜时期。气温高出现在4～5℃，降雨较目前多。植被以阔叶树种占优势，并含少量亚热带成分。森林茂密，草木繁茂，湖沼交错，水域面积较大。距今5000～4500年，气候温和略干，气温有所下降。距今4000年前后，总的气候趋势是向干凉方向发展，雨量减少，湖沼水域收缩，自然环境发生急剧变化，大规模的洪水和降温事件，使人类文明活动受到了极大的限制。这一显著变化，也说明自然环境对古代文化的形成、发展、消亡所产生的影响是十分巨大的。Utilizing relevant archeological data and the achievements of our forefathers, We analyze the relation between Shandong climate and ancient culture and the effect of the climate on the seacoast vicissitude, the results show that this area was once subtropical sight with warm climate and dense network of rivers about 8500 ～ 7500 years ago. During this period, there were morass and large water area near the site , the mountanious region was covered with forest, It presented damp and hot climate circumstance of subtropics, and its vegetation had obvious characteristic of grassland. 7500 ～ 6300 years ago, the climate was warmer and damper than today＇s, the shrub clustered in mountain forest,bulrush and meadow flourished,the climatic condition was similar to today＇s Chang jiang basin＇s approximately. About 6000 ～5500 years ago, the climate,physiognomy and natural sight were different from today＇s, the climate was warm and damp, it was in atlantic stage, and was be called fitting climate period popularly. The temperature was 4 ～5 ℃ higher than todayS, the rainfall was also more than today＇s. The broadleaf trees were preponderant in vegetation, and had few subtropical elements. Forest was flourishing, vegetation was luxuriant, lakes and marshes were stagger, and the water area was large. 5000～4500 years ago, the climate was gentle and dry slightly, the temperature fell to some extent. Till 4000 years ago, the total trend developed to the direction of dry and cool, the rainfall decreased, lakes, marshes and the water area withdrew, the entironment changed suddenly, large -scale flood and the events of dropin temperature confined human being＇s civilization and activity hugely. The change shows that the effect of the entironment on the form ,development and extinction of ancient culture is gigantic.

关 键 词：山东 古代气候 海岸变迁 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]