TC-W3环保型润滑油及其生物毒性的研究  

STUDY ON TC-W3 ENVIRONMENT-FRIENDLY LUBRICATING OIL AND ITS ECOTOXICITY

作　　者：居荫诚[1] 解世文[1] 张长林 吕刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学,天津300072 [2]军事交通运输研究所,天津300161

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2006年第3期85-90,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：中国石油化工集团公司项目(J100010)资助

摘　　要：利用发光细菌作为受试生物,参照美国ASTM标准的水融合组分(WAF)方法制备润滑油毒性测试样品液,以半数有效载荷(EL50)作为润滑油在水中生物毒性的判定指标,对所研制的TC-W3润滑油的生物毒性进行了试验研究。结果表明,当WAF溶液载荷率为10000 mg/l时,以三羟甲基丙烷酯(TMP)为主调制的基础油,其相对发光度为85.5%;以传统矿物油为主调制的基础油,各组分的相对发光度均小于50%,大量添加不利于达到低生物毒性的环保指标。润滑油添加剂成分复杂且毒性较高,其组成及添加比例对润滑油的生物毒性起决定作用,合理选用添加剂及其添加比例是研制环保型润滑油的关键。研究中发现,一般润滑油WAF溶液载荷率与其相对发光度呈负指数关系。通过对润滑油基础油和添加剂的筛选及配比试验,成功地研制出低生物毒性环保型TC-W3润滑油。A series of experiments were conducted on the ecotoxicity of TC-W3 environment- friendly lubricating oil by applying luminescent bacteria as subjects and preparing sample solution for toxicity test based on American ASTM water accommodation friction （WAF）. Median effect load （EL50） was as the determined index of aquatic toxicity in the experiments. The results showed that relative luminosity of the base oil mainly modulated by tri-methylol- propane ester （TMP） was 85.5%, when loading rate of WAF solution was 10000 mg/l, whereas, various components of the base oil mostly prepared by traditional mineral oil were lower than 50%, which will affect the realization of low ecotoxicity environment friendly indexes if massively added. It was also discovered that the composition and proportion of lubricant additives would directly deciding the ecotoxicity of lubricating oil owing to their complex composition and high ecotoxicity. Therefore, it was critically important to develop the environment-friendly lubricating oil by reasonable selecting additives and their proportions. Meanwhile, the principle of negative exponent relation was detected between loading rate of WAF solution of ordinary lubricating oil and its relative luminosity. The low ecotoxocity TC-W3 environment-friendly lubricating oil was successfully prepared through selection of base oil, additives and countless proportioning tests.

关 键 词：环保型润滑油 生物毒性 发光细菌 基础油 添加剂 

分 类 号：TE626.3[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]