压水动力反应堆燃料元件安全性的监测与分析  

MONITORING AND ANALYSIS OF FUEL ELEMENT SAFETY FOR THE PRESSURIZED-WATER REACTER

作　　者：王月兴[1] 马晓林[1] 云昌全 曲善奎 

机构地区：[1]上海海军医学研究所

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》1996年第4期307-311,共5页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

摘　　要：为了对１座压水型动力反应堆作燃料元件破损的现场监测，计算了一些裂变产物的主要γ光子用７６．２ｍｍ×７６．２ｍｍＮａｌ探测器测量时产生的光电峰相对计数率随反应堆启动不同时间的变化，并作了监测中的干扰因素分析。计算和分析结果表明：在元件安全性监测中，最适合选择的γ光子能量是２２０．９ｋｅＶ（８９Ｋｒ）、４０２．７ｋｅＶ（８７Ｋｒ）、１９６．３ｋｅＶ（８８Ｋｒ）、５２９．８ｋｅＶ（１３３Ｉ）和８１ｋｅＶ（１３３ｘｅ）。在监测中存在的主要干扰因素是高能γ射线产生的湮没辐射、ｗａｌ探测器周围ｐｂ屏蔽上产生的７５ｋｅＶＸ射线及由１９Ｏ和１６Ｎ产生的γ射线。在１座反应堆２次事故排除的元件安全性监测中，分析方法成功地得到了应用。The change of the relative counting rates of the photopeak detected by using f76. 2 mm x76. 2 mm Nal detector from certain fission product with operation time of reactor is calculated for the real-time detection Of fuel element rupture. The main factors of interfering with element rupture detection are also analyzed. The calculated and analyzed results show that optimum gammaenergy for elememt safety monitoring are 220. 9 keV (89 Kr) \ 402. 7 keV (87 Kr) \ 196. 3 keV(88Kr) .529. 8 keV (133 I) and 81 keV (133Xe), respectively. The interference factors existing inthe monitoring process are annihilation radiation by high energy gamma rays, 75 keV X-rays from Pb shield which is around the Nal detector, and gamma rays from 19 O and 16N. The aboveanalytical method has been successfully applied to the monitoring of element safety in two accidentanalysises of a reactor.

关 键 词：反应堆 燃料元件 破损探测 安全分析 

分 类 号：TL352.25[核科学技术—核技术及应用]