长江三角洲典型县级市农田土壤重金属污染状况调查与评价  

Investigation and Evaluation of the Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland of A Typical County in Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：马成玲[1] 王火焰[1] 周健民[1] 杜昌文[1] 黄标[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2006年第3期751-755,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目973资助(2002CB410810)

摘　　要：通过田间采样和室内分析,对长江三角洲典型县级市(常熟市)部分企业周围农田土壤中(Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb、As、Hg和Cd)7种重金属元素的污染状况进行了调查研究。结果表明,不同土层土壤中重金属含量存在显著差异,耕层土壤(0￣20cm)重金属含量明显高于亚耕层(20￣40cm),说明在耕层土壤中重金属存在富集趋势。总体上看,常熟市周边土壤的重金属含量是西南部较东北部高。用单项污染指数法对调查区域农田土壤的污染状况进行评价,结果表明土壤中7种重金属元素的污染程度依次为Hg>Cu>Cd>Zn>Pb>As>Cr。用内梅罗综合污染指数法对其进行评价可以看出,综合污染指数为0.93,属警戒等级,表明调查区域土壤尚清洁。The contents of Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Hg and Cd in the farmland of a typical county in Changshu city in Yangtze River delta were investigated through widespread sampling soils close to the factories. The results showed that the contents of heavy metals in topsoil （0-20 cm） were significantly higher than that in the subsoil （20-40 cm）. The ratio of Cd, As, Cu, Zn, Pb, Hg and Cr content in the topsoil to the subsoil averaged 1.81, 1.46, 1.30, 1.30, 1.15, 1.14 and 1.03, respectively, which suggested an accumulation trend of the heavy metals in the topsoil. The content of heavy metals in the soils varied among different districts, and was higher in the south-west part than that in the north-east part in Changshu city. Among the heavy metals, Hg pollution was the most serious one, followed by Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb. No pollution of As and Cr was found in the soils investigated according to the monomial pollution index. As estimated by Nenerow aggregate pollution index, the P value was 0.93, which indicated the comprehensive pollution status of heavy metals in soils, suggested that the soils investigated in Changshu city were generally clean according to the standard of the second grade of GB 15618-1995.

关 键 词：重金属 土壤 污染 评价 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]