理性才是主旋律——论格赖斯意义理论背后的哲学关怀  

Rationality in Grice's Theory of Meaning

作　　者：冯光武[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学,广州510420

出　　处：《外语学刊》2006年第4期6-11,共6页Foreign Language Research

摘　　要：本文在笔者(2005)基础上进一步强调,作为西方20世纪哲学“语言转向”(linguisticturn)时期的哲学家之一,格赖斯(Grice)探究语言的意义为的是揭示人的理性本质,这一哲学追求充分体现了哲学的终极关怀是人本身的思想。如果说这一追求在他的首部论文集StudiesintheWayofWords中还只是依稀可见,那么在第二部文集TheConceptionofValue和第三部论文集AspectsofReason中就清晰明朗了。格赖斯(1986)认为哲学是一个统一的整体,它关注人的“我思”或理性本质,解释人的态度、行为和心理(如意图)。格赖斯试图从人的理性本质中获得重大的哲学结论,其全部哲学努力都以此为方向。这一哲学追求与亚里士多德和康德一脉相承,不同的只是格赖斯从分析语言意义、观察语言使用入手。本文全方位展示格赖斯意义理论,尤其是各种非自然意义与人的理性本质之间的联系,指出其意义理论以人的理性本质为基础。理性才是格氏意义理论的主旋律。This article presents an analysis of the intimate connections between Grice's theory of meaning and rationality. It endeavors to demonstrate that, among other things, rationality plays a key role in Grice's theory of meaning. This is reflected not only in his well-known Cooperative Principle as the present author (2005) argued, but also in his notion of intention and his characterization of the various aspects of non-natural meaning. The overall purpose of this article is to foreground rationality in Grice's philosophical treatment of meaning. To this end, I will first outline the basic idea of rationality in his influential Logic and conversation (1975), Conception of Value (1991), and Aspects of Reason (2001). I will then argue for the compatibility between his theory of meaning and his general philosophical views on rationality by unpacking its connections with the notions of intentionality, cooperativity and the various aspects of what is meant. I will conclude my discussion by pointing out that rationality is intimately connected with demands for decision-making and justification, which are in turn intimately associated with the notion of a person. Pragmatics deals with this association in terms of language use.

关 键 词：格赖斯 格赖斯意义理论 理性 

分 类 号：B089[哲学宗教—哲学理论]