环境对杂交水稻胞质及核质互作遗传表现的影响─Ⅳ．不同N条件下不育胞质对杂种1代多胺代谢的影响  

Influence of environmental conditions on genetic performance of cytoplasmic effects and nucleocytoplasmic interactions in hybrid rice Ⅳ.Effect of sterile cytoplasms on Polyamine metabolism in hybrid rice under different application rates of nitrogen.

作　　者：林文雄[1] 林群慧[1] 梁义元[1] 吴志强[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农业大学农学系

出　　处：《应用生态学报》1996年第1期33-38,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：福建省教委基金

摘　　要：研究结果表明，杂交水稻在不适宜的Ｎ条件下，ＡＤＣ活性及其代谢产物Ｐｕｔ含量和Ｓｐｍ／Ｓｐｄ值均有显著提高，其幅度随核质组成及其与环境互作的不同而异．不育胞质对杂交水稻ＡＤＣ活性的影响呈稳定的正效应，环境并不改变不育胞质对其作用的性质，但可调节其作用强度．在适宜的生理阈值内，通过栽培措施提高上述各生理指标有利于促进不育胞质对杂交水稻产量性状的正向影响和提高杂种优势强度．而在不适宜条件下上述各生理指标则超越其生理阈值．不利于水稻本身的生长发育．此外，杂交水稻在不适宜Ｎ条件下大量积累Ｐｕｔ，往往伴随着ＩＡＡｏｓｅ和ＤＡＯ活性的提高和ＩＡＡ含量下降．The results show that ADC activity,its metabolic product,putrescine content and ratio o f Spin/spd in nag leaves of hybrid rice exposed to nitrate stress were increased.The increment extent was different from nllcleocytoplasrnic systems an<l the interactions of them with environment concerned.Stable and positive effects of sterile-cytoplasms on ADC activities in the leaves were found.This implies that cytogenes may participate in the biosynthesis of ADC.Although the properties of negative or positive cytoplasmic effects on the enzyme activity in the leaves of test crosses were not altered by different conditions concerned.the extent of cytoplasmic effects in exposure of hybrid rice to nitrate stress was modified.Within Suitable physiological thresholds,positive cytoplasmic effects on ADC activities and grain yield of hybrid rice were pronounced by favorable environment in which putrescine accumulation within itS threshold proportionally promotes the growth of rice plant,while negatively cytoplasmic effects on them were observed under unfavorable conditions in which the rise in putrescine over its threshold relatively retards the growth of rice plant.This suggests that changes in polyamine biosynthesis and level may be an integral part of rice cytoplasmic responses in relations to environmental modulation.Additionally.the putrescine accumulation over its threshold with concomitant activation ofIAA-oxidase and diamine-oxidase,and decreases of IAA concentrations was also observed.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 胞质效应 多胺 核质互体 环境 氮 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学]