粳型光敏感核不育两系杂交稻杂种优势及其利用  

HETEROSIS OF Japonica PHOTOPERIOD-SENSITIVE GENIC MALE-STERILE RICE HYBRIDS AND ITS APPLICATION

作　　者：邵游[1] 唐锡华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海植物生理研究所,上海农学院

出　　处：《上海农业学报》1996年第3期6-11,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：国家自然科学基金上海市科委;农委科学发展基金

摘　　要：应用粳型光敏核不育系８份为母本与恢复亲本粳稻和籼稻品种各３份及广东和材料６份共配２８个组合，对它们杂种一代的杂种优势分析结果表明：杂种一代抽穗期受光敏不育亲本的影响较大，生育期短、感光较弱的光敏不育系可获得生育期较短、平均优势为负值的杂种一代，而生育期长、感光较强的光敏不育系其杂种一代生育期较长，平均优势为正值。杂种一代的株高极大多数的平均优势为正值，且粳／籼的优势明显大于粳／粳。单株穗数的平均优势在粳／粳、粳／籼中均表现为正值，优势明显。每穗总粒数的平均优势亦明显，表现为正值。杂种结实率的优势，只有以７１３－１、７１３－３、０２４２８和铁骨矮１号为恢复亲本呈正值。千粒重的优势亦明显，２８个组合中２７个均为正值。作者指出粳／粳两系杂交稻中有些组合充分表现了穗粒结构上的优势具有较大增产潜力，可以考虑利用优良三系杂交稻不育系的原始品种转育成光敏不育系，更迭三系制种为两系制种。Eight lines of photoperiod-sensitive genie male- sterile rice(PGMR)were used as maternal plants. 28 cross combinations of these PGMRs crossed respectively with 3japonica, 3 indica as well as 6 wide-compatible cultivars were studied for the heterosis (tables 1, 2). The results showed: in those with maternal lines of strong photoperiod-sensitivity,hybrids generally flowered later than their parents,the mean heterosis values were positive.While in the combinations with maternal lines of weaker photoperiod-sensitivity,the hybrids flowered earlier than their parents,and the mean heterosis values were all negative (table 3).In performance of plant height,hybrids generally were higher than their parents,the mean heterosis values were all positive. The hybrid vigor values were stronger in japonica/indica than in japonica/japonica. The mean heterosis values for panicles per plant in iap. /iap. and iap. /ind. were all positive. And the mean heterosis values for the total grains per panicle and the 1 000-grain weight of hybrids were also very significantly positive. In consequence of the incompatible factors between japonica and indica rices,the hybrid vigor values of seed setting rate were generally negative in comparison with the restorers. According to these findings,the authors suggested that the iap. /iap. combinations may be used as the suitable cross type for 'two lines'hybrid rice production,and the PGMR line may be trans-bred from the initial species of sterile line of 'three lines 'hybrid rice,thus the programme for reproduction of hybrid rice seeds will be simplified.

关 键 词：光敏核雄性不育稻 杂种优势 两系杂交稻 

分 类 号：S511.035.1[农业科学—作物学]