地表覆盖对温室黄瓜生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of soil surface mulching on the growth and physiological characteristics of grafted and non-grafted cucumbers in solar greenhouse.

作　　者：翟胜[1,2] 梁银丽[1] 王巨媛[3] 戴全厚[4] 杜社妮[1,5] 由海霞[6] 陈甲瑞[6] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院-教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心 [2]聊城大学环境与规划学院,聊城252059 [3]聊城大学农学院 [4]贵州大学林学院 [5]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,杨凌712100 [6]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2006年第6期1039-1044,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1-06-02-01);国家高技术研究发展项目(2002AA6Z3211);国家"十五"科技攻关资助项目(2001BA508B17).

摘　　要：研究了地表覆盖秸秆、地膜和秸秆加膜对日光温室嫁接和非嫁接黄瓜生长与生理特性的影响.结果表明,地表覆盖可有效促进植株生长,嫁接黄瓜覆盖秸秆加膜、地膜与秸秆的株高和茎粗依次比对照增加91、71、57cm和0·127、0·086、0·111cm,非嫁接黄瓜增幅较小;地表覆盖可增强光合作用,嫁接黄瓜覆盖秸秆加膜、地膜、秸秆的净光合速率分别比对照增加2·63、2·08与1·36μmol·m-2·s-1,非嫁接黄瓜增幅较小;嫁接黄瓜覆盖秸秆加膜和秸秆的叶绿素含量比对照增加1·8%和3·15%,而覆盖地膜的叶绿素含量降低了3·8%,非嫁接黄瓜的叶绿素含量变幅较小;嫁接黄瓜覆盖秸秆加膜、地膜、秸秆的根系活力比对照提高0·98、0·48和0·8mgTTC·g-1FW,同一处理的非嫁接黄瓜根系活力增幅较小;地表覆盖可增加单株干物重,提高早期产量和总产量,嫁接黄瓜覆盖秸秆加膜、地膜与秸秆的单株产量比非嫁接黄瓜分别增加16%、5·3%和3·4%.This paper studied the effects of wheat straw mulching, plastic film mulching, and wheat straw plus plastic film mulching on the growth and physiological characteristics of grafted and non-grafted Cucumis sativus in solar graenhouse. The results showed that compared with the control, the plant height, stem diameter, photosynthetic rate, and root vitality of grafted C. sativus under wheat straw plus plastic film mulching, plastic film mulching, and wheat straw mulching were increased by 91,71 and 57 cm, 0.127, 0.086 and 0. 111 cm, 2.63, 2.08 and 1.36 μmol·m^-2 ·s^-1, and 0.98, 0.48 and 0.8 mg TTC·g^-1 FW, respectively, while non-grafted C. sativus had a less increment. The chlorophyll content of grafted C. sativus under wheat straw plus plastic film mulching and wheat straw mulching was 1.8% and 3.15% higher than the control, respectively, but that under plastic film mulching was 3.8% less than the control. Soil surface mulching increased the dry weight per plant, early yield, and total yield. Under wheat straw plus plastic film mulching, plastic film mulching, and wheat straw mulching, the individual yield of grafted C. sativus was 16%, 5.3% and 3.4% higher than that of non-grafted C. sativus, respectively.

关 键 词：嫁接黄瓜 日光温室 地表覆盖 生长 生理特性 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]