覆盖野生稻基因组的染色体片段替换系的构建及其米质相关数量性状基因座位的鉴定  

Construction of Chromosome Segment Substitution Lines Carrying Overlapping Chromosome Segments of the Whole Wild Rice Genome and Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Rice Quality

作　　者：郝伟[1] 金健[1] 孙世勇[1] 朱美珍[1] 林鸿宣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所植物分子遗传国家重点实验室,上海200032

出　　处：《植物生理与分子生物学学报》2006年第3期354-362,共9页Journal Of Plant Physiology and Molecular Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.30270812)资助。~~

摘　　要：染色体片段替换系(CSSL)是基因组水平快速初步定位数量性状基因座位(QTL)的良好材料,而水稻的品质性状是多基因控制的数量性状,因此可用替换系鉴定控制水稻品质性状的QTL。本文用分子标记辅助选择技术(MAS)构建了由133个株系组成的以‘特青’(籼稻品种)为轮回亲本,以海南的一种普通野生稻为供体亲本,覆盖绝大部分野生稻基因组的染色体片段替换系。利用这套替换系,初步定位了控制稻米外观和理化品质性状的15个QTL,为今后水稻品质性状QTL的克隆以及稻米品质相关性状的改良提供了依据。Rice is one of the major staple cereal grains. Most of the important traits of crops are complex traits controlled by quantitative trait loci （QTL）. Detection and genetic identification of QTLs can provide insights into molecular and biological mechanisms of development and physiology. Chromosome segment substitution lines （CSSLs） have been proposed as a simple and powerful way to identify QTLs. The demand for rice grain quality becomes increasingly important. The primary components of rice grain quality include appearance, milling and physico-chemical, cooking and eating quality. Most of these traits are complex and controlled by QTLs, so genetic characterization of these traits is more difficult than that of traits each controlled by a singular gene such as Waxy, which controls glutinousness of rice grain. We constructed 133 chromosome segment substitution lines （CSSLs） from backcross progenies （BCaF2） derived from a cross between Teqing （an O. sativa L. ssp. indica variety） as the recurrent parent and wild rice （O. rufipogon Griff.） as the donor parent. In this process, we carried out marker-assisted selection （MAS） by using 118 CAPS or SSR markers covering the whole rice genome （Figs. 1, 2）. Because phenotypic values of quality trait were significantly different between cultivar Teqing and wild rice, the CSSLs were used to identify QTLs for rice quality traits. Three appearance quality traits （head rice percentage, HRP; percentage of chalky rice grains, PCRG; transparency, TP） and five physico-chemical properties （gelatinization temperature, GT; gel consistency, GC; amylose content, AC; protein content, PC; fat content, FC） were scored using 133 CSSLs which substituted segments covering the whole genome of wild rice. A total of 15 QTLs for five of the eight traits mentioned above （HRP, PCRG, TP, PC and FC） were identified on nine chromosomes, and several QTLs affecting different quality traits were mapped in the same regions （Fig.3, Table 1）.

关 键 词：水稻 染色体片段替换系(CSSL) 外观品质 理化品质 数量性状基因座位(QTL) 

分 类 号：S511.9[农业科学—作物学]