煤矿职工高血压患病现况及患病危险因素调查  

Current prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in coal mine workers

作　　者：李应光[1] 康宝华[2] 

机构地区：[1]泰安市疾病预防控制中心,山东省泰安市271000 [2]泰安卫生学校,山东省泰安市271000

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2006年第28期1-3,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:调查煤矿职工高血压患病现状,分析高血压患病危险因素。方法:①调查于2002-10-21/2003-09-20完成。整群抽取新汶矿业集团华丰、协庄、良庄三矿18岁以上职工2810人,男1577人,女1233人。均为3个煤矿当天下班的井下工人、机关人员及在矿区居住的退休人员,且自愿接受调查表调查。②自拟调查表,在各矿进行现场调查。测量身高、体质量,计算出体质量指数(≥25kg/m2为超重)。测血压,收缩压≥140mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)和(或)舒张压≥90mmHg为高血压。③问卷调查(内容:吸烟、饮酒、高盐饮食、运动情况、工龄)由调查员逐项提问,被调查者回答后将结果按序号填入题后方框。吸烟和饮酒者分别定义为:每天至少吸1支且连续吸烟≥1年;每周饮酒至少1次。自感偏咸者每日摄盐约15g左右,均为高盐饮食。④高血压患病现状调查结果差异比较采用χ2检验;患病相关危险因素分析采用χ2检验、多元回归分析和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析。结果:接受调查煤矿职工2810人均进入结果分析。①高血压患病现状:高血压患病率为32.06%,男性患病率明显高于女性[37.22%(587/1577),25.47%(314/1233),χ2=43.904,P<0.01]。男女性患病率均随着年龄增长而升高,50～59岁女性患病率激增,不同年龄段煤矿职工高血压患病率比较,差异明显(χ2=326.962,P<0.01)。患高血压职工901例,非高血压职工1909例。除其他人员外,机电、运输和维修工种患病率较高,不同工种之间患病率比较,差异明显(χ2=36.64,P<0.01)。②高血压患病危险因素分布:所调查的1142人中,现吸烟和曾吸烟者高血压患病率明显高于从不吸烟者(35.42%,21.94%,χ2=17.51,P<0.01)。随着体质量指数的增加,男女性高血压患病率均明显升高(男性χ2=102.019,P<0.01;女性χ2=83.504,P<0.01)。血压正常职工中高盐饮食所占比例明显低于高血压患者(33.7%,40.5%,χ2=11.571,P<0.01)。非条件Logistic回�AIM：To investigate the current prevalence and risk factors of hypertension in coal mine workers. METHODS： （1）The experiment was finished between October 21^st, 2002 and September 20^th, 2003. All the 2 810 members （1 577 males and 1 233 females） aged over 18 years were selected by cluster sampling from the coal mines of Huafeng, Xiezhuang and Liangzhuang in Xinwen Coal Mine Group. They were all volunteers, including office workers, retired workers and workers under mine in the three coal mines. （2） The survey was conducted within each coal mine with selfmade questionnaires. In addition, body height and weight were measured to work out body mass index （BMI, 25 kg/m^2.was overweight）. Blood pressure was also measured, and systolic pressure t〉140 mm Hg （1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa） and/or diastolic pressure t〉 90 mm Hg was considered as hypertension. （3） The questionnaire including smoking, drinking, high-sodium diet, sports and standing was＇inquired one by one by investigators, who filled the＇answers of interviewees in the blank according to the serial number of questions. Smokers and drinkers were marked： smoking at least one cigarette every day for more than one year and drinking at least once a week with high- sodium diet among 15 g salt every day. （4）The difference of current hypertension prevalence was compared with χ^2 test; The correlated risk factors of hypertension were analyzed adopting χ^2 test, multiple regression analysis and multiple factors non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS： All the surveyed 2 810 members entered into the result analysis.（1）Current prevalence of hypertension： The morbidity was 32.06%, and obviously higher in males than in females [37.22% （587/1 577）, 25.47% （314/1 233）, χ^2=43.904, P 〈 0.01]. Moreover, the morbidity increased with the increase of age, rapidly in females between 50-59 years. The difference was significant in hypertension morbidity of coal mine workers with different ages χ^2=326.962, P 〈

关 键 词：高血压 患病率 采煤 危险因素 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]