固定化曝气生物滤池处理采油废水  

Biodegradation of Oil Field Wastewater in Biological Aerated Filter (BAF) by Immobilization

作　　者：赵昕[1] 汪严明[1] 叶正芳[1] 倪晋仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学环境工程系水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《环境科学》2006年第6期1155-1161,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：北京大学大型仪器开放测试基金项目

摘　　要：采用一种特殊载体固定复合微生物B350M在曝气生物滤池反应系统中处理采油废水.废水中的盐度>0.5%,N、P营养缺乏,有机物浓度较低.在HRT为4h、COD容积负荷为1.07 kg/(m3.d)的条件下,小试反应装置稳定运行142d,处理效果良好,石油类、TOC、COD和H2S的平均降解效率分别达到90.5%、74.4%、85.6%和100%.GC-MS分析表明,进水中含有机物27种,其中烷烃类23种,芳烃类4种.此反应系统可以将大分子量烷烃类物质(C18H38至C28H58),尤其是其中的支链烷烃切碎形成小分子量物质,并有效地处理菲等多环芳烃.反应系统中,生态多样性丰富,载体为微生物提供了良好的水、气环境,抵御盐度、有机污染物的毒害作用,并可以固定丝状菌,因而避免出现污泥膨胀,出水SS过高等影响出水水质的情况.A special kind of carrier was used to immobilize effective microorganisms B350M in a biological aerated filter （BAF） react system for treatment of oil field wastewater, which is of salinity 〉 0.5%, lack of N and P, and contains low organic matter. Through the biodegradation system operated for 142d, the react system can achieve average degradation efficiency 90.5 % ,74.4 %, 85.6% ,100% for oil, TOC, COD and H2S, when HRT was 4h and COD volumetric load was 1.07 kg/（m^3·d）. C,C-MS results show that the organic substance in wastewater contain 27 different kind substances, a majority （23） of alkane and a minority （4） of aromatic substances. C14H30 to C28H58 in influent could be decomposed into small molecular substance efficiently, especially the C18H38 to C2SH58, and also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） such as Phenanthrene. The react system had a good diversity, because the carriers provide agreeable air and water condition for microorganisms, to resist high salinity and toxic pollutant. Filamentous microorganisms were observed in a great deal and will not cause foaming and bulking in BAF reactor by immobilization.

关 键 词：固定化 曝气生物滤池 采油废水 

分 类 号：X741[环境科学与工程—环境工程]