自然界中难分离培养微生物的分离和应用  

Study of Methods to Isolate Viable but Non-culturable Microorganisms from Natural Environments

作　　者：岳秀娟[1] 余利岩[1] 李秋萍[1] 魏玉珍[1] 关艳[1] 张月琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国协和医科大学医药生物技术研究所微生物药物筛选重点实验室药用微生物菌种保藏管理中心,北京100050

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2006年第3期77-81,共5页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30100001)

摘　　要：采用在分离培养基中添加自然来源的抽提液,或加入一些特殊化合物,使其中处于Viable but non-culturable(VBNC)状态的微生物恢复其生长繁殖能力,从而得到分离。实验结果发现甜菜碱、丙酮酸钠、SOD以及过氧化氢酶可使分离到的微生物种类及菌落总数明显增加。还采用固液结合的方法来分离那些在普通平板培养基上不能形成肉眼可见菌落的那些微小菌落的微生物。采用这几种方法从4份土壤样品中共分离得到52株放线菌,103株细菌,17株真菌。对其中的放线菌和真菌进行了生物活性的测定,得到多株具有抗菌活性的微生物,经过多次复筛的平均阳性率为4．325％,略高于用常规方法分离得到的微生物。因此证明有效的分离方法将为今后微生物药物的筛选和药用微生物菌种的保藏提供更丰富的来源。This project is targeted on exploring some improving approaches to isolate and culture the microorganisms which are difficult to be isolated and cultured through the conventional ways. The results showed that betaine, sodium pyruvate, SOD and catalase are helpful for increasing the total number and variety of isolated strains. A kind of combined method was also used to isolate the micro-colony which can not be seen by naked eyes on the plates. Totally 52 Actinomycetes and 103 bacteria and 17 fungi were obtained from 4 soil samples using the above methods. 4. 325% microorganisms were obtained as positive strains to inhibit the growth of some kinds of test bacteria, which is higher than the percent using generally isolated ones. These microbial natural products may remain an important resource for the drug discovery.

关 键 词：难分离培养微生物 微小菌落 微生物药物 

分 类 号：Q93-33[生物学—微生物学]