儿童耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌感染情况及药敏分析  

INFECTION AND SUSCEPTIBILITY OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS IN CHILDREN

作　　者：朱泽航[1] 蔡逸婷[1] 易峻文[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属上海第一人民医院检验科,上海200080

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》2006年第3期187-189,共3页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的了解本地区儿童耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（MRS）的感染率及其耐药性.方法统计分析2001年1月～2004年6月住院儿童MRS的分离及耐药情况.结果 MRS包括耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCNS）和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）.4种标本中MRS总检出率为60.1%.凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CoNS）中各种葡萄球菌的MRS检出率之间无明显差别.MRCNS检出率明显高于MRSA（P〈0.05）.各种标本的MRS检出率不同.血液MRS检出率最高（81.6%）,其次是尿液MRS检出率（72.0%）,再次是脓液（52.3%）和咽拭（44.7%）.血液和尿液的MRS检出率明显高于脓液和咽拭（P〈0.05）.葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利福平全部敏感,MRS对阿米卡星、环丙沙星、磷霉素呈不同程度的敏感,对红霉素、克林霉素、复方新诺明高度耐药.结论 MRS菌株已成为儿童感染的重要病原菌,儿童MRS检出率已接近成人,MRCNS检出率超过MRSA.万古霉素成为治疗小儿MRS感染首选药物,对小儿的MRS感染应以预防为主.Objective To explore the situation of methicillin- resistant staphylococcus （MRS） infection and its resistance in children. Methods The data of isolation and resistance of MRS in the last three years （Jan 2001 - June 2004） were analysed by statistical method. Results The detection rate of MRS [ including methieillin resistant eoagulase negative staphylococcus （MRCNS）, methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus （MRSA）] in all of the specimen was 60.1%. There was no significant difference in all kind of MRCNS detection （ P 〉 0.05）. The deteection rate of MRCNS was significantly higher than MRSA（P 〈0.05）. The detection rate of MRS in blood （81.6%）or in urine （72.0%） was significantly higher than that in pus （52.3 % ） or in throat swab （44.7 % ） （ P 〈 0.05）. All of the staphylococci were sensitive to vancomycin and rifampin. The MRS isolates were partially sensitive to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and fosfomycin. Moreover, they were poorly sensitive to erythromyein, elindamyein, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion MRS strains have become the major course of children＇ s infection. The detection rate of MRS in children is approaching to that in adults. The detection rate of MRCNS is higher than that of MRSA. Vancomycin becomes the first choice for children＇s MRS infection, h is important to prevent children from infection.

关 键 词：儿童 耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌 感染 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378.1[医药卫生—病原生物学]