公厕变迁与都市文明——以近代上海为例  

The Change of Public Toilets and City Civilization—with modern Shanghai as an example

作　　者：苏智良[1] 彭善民[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学历史系 [2]上海师范大学社会学系

出　　处：《史林》2006年第3期12-19,共8页Historical Review

基　　金：上海市高校都市文化E-研究院科研项目;教育部人文科学基地上海师范大学都市文化研究中心科研项目。

摘　　要：近代上海都市化发展,人口流动性增强,公厕成为一类必不可少的公共设施。公厕作为都市卫生的窗口,进入政府公共事业的视界。近代上海公厕在形式上经历了一个由土式坑厕到现代设施的公厕及专门性公厕的发展;在运营方式上,历经了承包经营的商办方式到政府雇工看厕的市办方式的变迁;在治理模式上逐渐从政府单一治理走向社会参与、多元共治的局面。尽管其社会化程度仍很有限,但公厕作为都市文明的窗口,反映了都市社会公共性的增长,增进了都市文明的内涵。同时,近代上海公厕变迁,租界扮演了十分重要的角色,在上海都市文明的进程中占有关键的一席之地。With the urbanization of modern Shanghai and the fluidity of population, public toilets have become anecessary public common establishment. Public toilets, as the window of urban sanitation, are treated as partof the public career of government. They have undergone great changes in existing form, operation pattern,as well as management mode. Despite the limited socialized degree, public toilets reflect the commondevelopment of urban society and contribute to the connotation of city civilization. Meanwhile, the LeasedTerritory has played an important role in the change of public toilets in modern Shanghai, being consideredas the key element in the process of city civilization.

关 键 词：公厕 都市文明 近代上海 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学] C912[历史地理—中国史]