塔克拉玛干沙漠肖塘地区1995年气候及其影响评价  

Assessment on Synoptic Climate and Implact in Xiaotang in the Taklamakan Desert in 1995

作　　者：何清 蔡承侠 黎跃东[1] 严泽书 郭擎宇 

机构地区：[1]新疆气象科研所,塔里木石油勘探开发指挥部,和田地区气象处

出　　处：《干旱区研究》1996年第3期13-20,共8页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：塔里木石油勘探开发指挥部资助

摘　　要：本文通过对１９９５年１～１２月塔克拉玛干沙漠肖塘气象观测站资料统计，分析结果肖塘年降水量１００．２ｍｍ，年平均气温１１．１℃，极端最高气温４２．８℃，出现炎热高温天气４９天，沙尘暴天气５３天，年平均风速２．６ｍ／ｓ，最大风速１９．０ｍ／ｓ，盛行ＮＥ风。与同期北缘山前绿洲轮台的资料对比，表明沙漠冬季“冷湖”和夏季“热锅”效应显著，绿洲降水多于沙漠，沙漠蒸发多于绿洲。最后针对塔里木油气开发建设给出当年度气候影响评价及其对策建议。In the paper,the meteorological statistic data observed in Xiaotang in the Taklamakan desert in 1995 were analysed. The result is that the annual amount of precipitation is 100.2mm,the annual mean air temperature is 11.1℃,the annual maximum air temperature is 42.8℃,it records 49 hot days that daily maximum air temperature is above 35℃,it records 53 sandstorm days,the annual mean wind speed is 2.6m/s,the annual maximum wind speed is 19.0m/s,the annual amount of evaporation is 3535.5mm in Xiaotang in 1995.The result of comparing those data in Xiaotang with those of predmont oasis in the northern part of the desert is that the desert has significance'Cold Lake'effect in the winter, 'Hot Pot'effect in the summer,the annual amount of precipitation in the oasis is more than that in the desert,the annual amount of evaporation in the oasis is more than that in the desert.Climate implact assessment and proposal for development and construction of the Tarim petroleum were provided.

关 键 词：塔克拉玛干沙漠 沙漠 气候 评价 

分 类 号：S162.3[农业科学—农业气象学]