丙烯酸高级酯的微波合成与结构表征  

Microwave Synthesis and Structure Characterization of n-Alkyl with C_(12)～C_(18) Acrylate

作　　者：王科军[1] 刘芳[1] 周晓莲[1] 贾德民[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学材料科学与工程学院

出　　处：《化学世界》2006年第6期357-360,共4页Chemical World

摘　　要：以丙烯酸、十二醇、十四醇、十六醇、十八醇为原料,采用微波辅助合成技术分别制备了丙烯酸十二酯、丙烯酸十四酯、丙烯酸十六酯和丙烯酸十八酯。考察了微波功率、辐射时间和原料配比等反应条件对不同长链酯酯化产率的影响,并对它们的物理性质、元素组成和分子结构进行了测定与表征。结果表明,微波辅助合成技术能高效、快速地合成丙烯酸高级酯,但各高级酯的最佳微波酯化条件明显不相同,随着高级酯碳链的增长,微波功率、辐射时间和酸醇摩尔比增大,在优化的微波合成条件下,反应速率可提高20倍以上,酯产率≥96%,且所得产物的物理性质、分子结构与传统方法加热制备的产物无明显差异。n-Alkyl with C12 - C18 acrylate were prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis with acrylic acid and n-alkyl with C12- C18 alcohols as raw materials. The effect of reaction conditions including power and time of microwave irradiation and molar ratio of acrylic acid to n-alkyl alcohol on the yield of esterification was investigated. The physical properies and elemental composition of n-alkyl with C12 - C18 acrylate were measured and their structures were also characterized by IR and ^1H NMR. The results showed that using microwave-assisted synthesis method to prepare n-alkyl with C12- C18 acrylate was more efficient and rapid, but the optimum synthesis conditions of different acrylates were obviously different. The optimum power and irradiation time of microwave and the optimum molar ratios of acrylic acid to n-alkyl alcohols increased with the length of carbon chain. Under the optimum microwave synthesis conditions, the yield of n-alkyl with C12 - C18 acrylate is over 96% and its reaction rate increased over 20 times. The physical properies and structures of the products prepared by microwave or traditional heating processes have no obvious difference.

关 键 词：微波辅助合成 丙烯酸高级酯 熔融酯化 结构表征 

分 类 号：O621.25[理学—有机化学]