江淮地区中稻田害虫和天敌群落动态研究  

Dynamics of Insect Pest and Natural Enemy Communities in Middle-season Paddy Fields in the Yangtze-Huaihe Area

作　　者：江俊起[1] 缪勇[1] 李桂亭[1] 陈丽 查玉兵 

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学植保学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省农产品安全重点实验室,安徽合肥230036

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2006年第3期354-358,共5页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：安徽省"十五"科技攻关项目(01013011);合肥市科技局项目(合科[2004]第20号文)

摘　　要：对安徽江淮地区中稻田害虫和天敌群落动态进行了研究,田间调查共记录捕食性天敌12种,害虫12种。天敌优势种为草间小黑蛛、青翅蚁型隐翅虫、四点亮腹蛛、拟水狼蛛和圆尾蟏蛸;害虫优势种为褐飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟和白背飞虱。草间小黑蛛、拟水狼蛛、褐飞虱、青翅蚁型隐翅虫主要分布于稻株下部;四点亮腹蛛和白背飞虱主要分布于稻株中、下部;圆尾蟏蛸和稻纵卷叶螟主要分布于稻株上、中部。群落多样性在中稻生育中期最高,群落均匀度是影响多样性的主要因素。以功能团为单位和以物种为单位的群落多样性指数和均匀度指数呈高度正相关。群落特征在中稻生长发育期间变化较大,群落稳定性较低。The dynamics of insect pest and natural enemy communities in middle - season paddy fields in the Yangtze- Huaihe area in Anhui Province was studied. The results showed that there were totally 12 species of predatory enemies and 12 species of insect pests. The dominant species of predatory enemies were Erigonidium graminicola, Paederus fuscipes, Singa pygmaea, Pirata subpiraticus and Tetragnatha shikokiana, and the dominant species of insect pests were Nilaparvata lugens, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Sogatella furcifera. Among the dominant species, E. graminicola, P. subpiraticus,. N. lugens and P. fuscipes were distributed mainly in the lower part of rice plants, S. pygmaea and S. furcifera mainly in the middle and lower parts of rice plants, while C. medinalis and T. shikokiana mainly in the upper and middle parts of rice plants. The community diversity reached the top level in the middle development period of middle - season rice. The principal factor affecting the diversity was species evenness. The indices of community diversity and evenness based on species were significantly related to those based on guilds. The characteristics of the communities changed obviously in the growth and development period of middle - season rice, thus, the stability of the communities was rather low.

关 键 词：中稻田 害虫 天敌 群落结构 群落动态 

分 类 号：S435.11[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]