非地转湿Q矢量分解在暴雨分析中的应用  

Application of the Wet Q Vector Partitioning Method to the Diagnosis of the Heavy Rainstrom

作　　者：杨晓霞[1] 沈桐立[2] 刘还珠[3] 薛德强[1] 万丰[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东省气象中心,山东济南250031 [2]南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044 [3]中国气象局国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《高原气象》2006年第3期464-475,共12页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40075023);山东省气象局气象科学技术研究项目"引发山洪和地质灾害的气象预报预警方法研究"资助

摘　　要：利用非地转湿Q矢量对山东省春秋季两次罕见的暴雨天气进行了诊断分析。分析结果表明:暴雨期间都有较强的非地转湿Q矢量辐合,产生上升运动,形成暴雨。这一结果也表明凝结潜热加热对暴雨的产生有着重要的作用。本文进一步把非地转湿Q矢量分解为平行于等位温线和垂直于等位温线两部分。揭示在这两场暴雨过程中,虽然都有中尺度和大尺度辐合上升运动作用的叠加,但在春季暴雨的个例中,垂直于等位温线的非地转湿Q矢量的辐合与总的非地转湿Q矢量的辐合相接近,暴雨以中尺度上升运动为主。而在秋季暴雨的个例中,平行于等位温线的非地转湿Q矢量的辐合与总的非地转湿Q矢量的辐合在形状上相似,在强度上偏强,暴雨的上升运动以大尺度为主,中间夹杂着中小尺度的上升运动,降水以混合型为主。Using the ageostrophic wet Q vector to analyze diagnostically two rare heavy rainstorms （one in spring and the other in autumn） in Shandong, the results show that the strong ageostrophic wet Q vector convergence forces ascending motions and produces storm rainfall, and that the condensation latent heating plays an important role in producing rainstorm. By dividing the ageostrophic wet Q vector into two parts of parallel and perpendicular to isotherms, the results show that there is superposition of meso-scale and large-scale ascending motions in the two heavy rainstorm, especially in the rain storm of spring, the ageostrophic wet Q vector convergence, perpendicular to isotherms, is approaching to the total ageostrophic wet Q vector convergence, which is nearly the same, parallel to isotherms in the autumn, which also has similar distribution and stronger intensity to the .total convergence, so that the meso-scale ascending motion is primary in the spring, while the large-scale ascending motion is dominant and concomitant with the mesoscale ascending motion in the autumn, with mainly mixed types of precipitation.

关 键 词：山东暴雨 非地转湿Q矢量 分解 诊断分析 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]