基于虚拟仪器技术的光电式坡面径流流速测量系统  

Photoelectric velocity measuring system for slope flow based on virtual instrument technology

作　　者：李小昱[1] 王为[1] 沈逸[1] 雷廷武[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学工程技术学院,武汉430070 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2006年第6期87-90,共4页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院;水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金项目(10501-92)

摘　　要：在水土流失研究中，坡面径流流速是径流计算、土壤侵蚀预报中不可缺少的水动力参数。目前尚没有广泛应用的测量径流流速的仪器，该研究从两相流理论出发，基于相关流速测量理论，采用LabVIEW虚拟仪器开发平台，研制了一套径流流速在线测量系统，包括红外光电传感器、信号调理电路、PCI-6040E数据采集卡以及使用Lab VIEW开发的相关测量软件等。采用室内模拟水槽试验，结果表明，该测量系统适用的泥沙含量范围为0～250kg／m^3，以染料示踪法测得流速作为标准值进行标定试验，系统最大相对误差为4．14％；基于相关流速理论所建立的虚拟仪器系统测量坡面径流流速是可行的。In the research of the soil erosion, the rate of slope runoff is an indispensable hydrodynamic parameter in the runoff computation and the soil erosion forecast. At present there is still no special instrument which is widely used to measure runoff rate. Based on the theories of two-phase flow, a runoff rate on-line measurement system based on LabVIEW virtual instrument platform was developed. The virtual instrument consists of the infrared photoelectric sensor, the signal processing circuit, the PCI-6040E data acquisition card as well as the correlation survey software programmed by LabVIEW. The experiment was completed in room simulation test station. The test result indicates that this measurement system is suitable for the silt content scope 0- 250 kg/m^3. Taking the flow rate surveyed by the dye tracer technique as a standard value to carry out demarcating experiment, it is found that the greatest relative error of the system is 4.14%, which makes the high accuracy. Measuring slope flow velocity using virtual instrument system based on cross-correlation theory was feasible.

关 键 词：径流流速 两相流 互相关 虚拟仪器 LAB VIEw 红外光电传感器 

分 类 号：TP183[自动化与计算机技术—控制理论与控制工程] TV149[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]