158例成人麻疹的临床分析  

Clinical analysis on 158 adult measles

作　　者：王静波[1] 王莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳市传染病院一病房,110006

出　　处：《国际流行病学传染病学杂志》2006年第3期154-156,共3页International Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease

摘　　要：目的探讨成人麻疹的临床特征、发病率增加的可能原因和预防措施。方法前瞻性分析本院2005年收治的158例成人麻疹患者的临床资料,总结成人麻疹患者在临床表现和实验室检查方面的临床特征。结果成人麻疹患者临床症状严重,皮疹典型为充血性斑丘疹,科普利克斑(Koplik’s spots)明显且持续时间长,常常合并肝脏和心肌损伤,并发症以支气管肺炎和心肌炎为主。讨论成人麻疹发病率增加可能与麻疹病毒基因变异,缺少麻疹疫苗(MV)的保护,早期麻疹暴露,人口流动性大,儿童广泛接种麻疹疫苗等因素相关。若能够对麻疹患者早期诊断、早期隔离、早期治疗,并对易感者进行广泛的麻疹疫苗接种,成人麻疹的发病率有可能降低。Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of adult measles patients, possible reasons for disease increase and preventive measures. Methods A prospective clinical study including 158 patients in 2005 was carried out, and characteristics on clinical manifestations and laboratory tests were summarized. Results The clinical symptoms of adult measles patients were serious, typical skin lesions was maculopapular eruption, Koplik＇s spots were distinctive and lasting longer time, these patients usually combined with liver and heart injury, pneumonitis and myocarditis were its main complications. Conclusions The increasing incidence of adult measles probably has reasons as follows ： gene mutation of measles virus, lack of measles vaccine protection, early exposure in measles, increasing population mobility, and measles vaccine inoculation for children. If we can diagnose, segregate and cure measles in earlier period, at the same time also inoculate measles vaccine to susceptible persons, maybe the incidence of adult measles will decrease.

关 键 词：麻疹 疫苗 临床特征 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学] R511.101[医药卫生—临床医学]