马拉色菌在新生儿皮肤定植的研究  

A prospective study on skin colonization by Malassezia in neonates

作　　者：陈征[1] 冉玉平[1] 熊琳[1] 代亚林[1] 周光平[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院皮肤性病科

出　　处：《中华皮肤科杂志》2006年第7期371-373,共3页Chinese Journal of Dermatology

基　　金：四川省学术和技术带头人培养基金(4989904)

摘　　要：目的探讨马拉色菌在新生儿皮肤的定植及影响因素。方法采用含菜籽油培养基32℃培养。对拟自然分娩的母亲临产时取阴道分泌物接种于试管斜面,用无菌微孔透气胶带粘取新生儿(8处皮肤,从出生当时到出院)、母亲(胸部和手掌,分娩后第2天)及其护士(手掌,新生儿出生后第2天)皮肤标本,接种于平板,根据菌落形态及生理生化方法鉴定菌种。结果①52份母亲阴道分泌物培养阴性。②15名护士共104份手掌部皮肤标本培养阴性。③104例新生儿(自然分娩和剖宫产各52例)出生当时的皮肤标本培养阴性,但出生后第1天有28例(26．92％)培养出马拉色菌,到第8天上升到59例(56．73％),其中糠秕马拉色菌41例(69．49％)。④从104例母亲皮肤上培养出马拉色菌65例(62．50％),其中糠秕马拉色菌49例(75．38％)。⑤母亲和新生儿124株马拉色菌中菌种相同者92例,一致率为74．19％。⑥新生儿前额和面颊马拉色菌培养阳性率最高。结论马拉色菌在新生儿皮肤定植最早发生在出生后的第1天内,主要部位为额面部,主要菌种为糠秕马拉色菌,存在于母亲皮肤的马拉色菌可能是定植菌种的主要来源。Objective To investigate the skin colonization by Malassezia in neonates and its influ- ential factors. Methods Vaginal samples were taken from the mothers just before natural labor and inoculated on slant culture medium. Skin samples were obtained from neonates （ 8 skin sites per neonate, from the time of birth to discharge from the hospital ）, their mothers （ chest and palm, on the 2nd day after delivery ） and their nurses （ palm, on the 2nd day after the neonates＇ birth ） by sterile adhesive tape, and inoculated on Petri dish. All samples were cultured in the medium containing rapeseed oil at 32℃. The isolates were identified to species based on their microscopic and physiologic features. Results Neither the 52 vaginal samples from 104 mothers nor the palm samples from 15 nurses were positive for the isolation. None of the skin samples from 104 neonates at the time of birth were positive for the isolation, regardless the delivery mode （natural labor or Caesarean section ）. Skin colonization by Malassezia occurred in 28 of 104 neonates （ 26.92% ） on the first day after birth, and in 59 neonates （ 56.73% ） on the 8th day, with 41 sWains （ 69.49% ） of M. flu＇fur isolated. Sixty-five of 104 mothers （ 62.50% ） were positive for the Malassezia culture with 49 strains （ 75.38% ） of M. furfur isolated. Among 124 isolates of Malassezia from neonates and their mothers,92 （ 74.19% ） shared the same species of M. flu＇fur. The highest isolation rate of M. furfur was observed on the forehead （ 100.00% ） and face （ 94.92% ） of neonates. Conclusions The earliest skin colonization by Malassezia in neonates began on the first day after birth, with the preponderant species of M. furfur and the most common sites of forehead and face for the colonization. The Malassezia colonizing the neonatal skin probably originates from the maternal skin, where the fungus has already existed.

关 键 词：马拉色霉菌属 婴儿 新生 皮肤 定植 

分 类 号：R756[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]