卫星资料变分同化在一次中尺度强暴雨模拟中的应用  

Variational Data Assimilation of Satellite Radiance to a Mesoscale Rainstorm Simulation

作　　者：黄兵[1] 刘健文[2] 钟中[1] 白洁[2] 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象学院,南京211101 [2]空军装备研究院航空气象防化研究所,北京100085

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2006年第3期363-369,共7页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40428002);科技部社会公益研究专项资金项目(2000DIB20096)共同资助

摘　　要：利用ATOVS资料和常规观测资料,采用GRAPES 3D-Var同化系统和中尺度数值模式MM5设计了仅同化常规观测资料的NOATOVS试验和同化常规观测资料及ATOVS辐射率资料的ATOVS试验,对2004年6月22—24日长江中下游和西南地区东部的特大暴雨进行了分析和模拟。结果表明:直接同化ATOVS辐射率资料获得的分析场可以有效改进对流层温、湿场分布,对风场也有一定的影响。对比试验结果表明:ATOVS试验可以较好地模拟出暴雨天气形势、主要影响系统,对降雨的落区、强度也有较好的反映,模拟的局地暴雨强度与实际降雨量基本一致,同化卫星资料的改善效果较为明显。即同化ATOVS资料对于改进中尺度局地暴雨过程模拟效果是可行的。With the development of the numerical weather forecasting technology, the models are becoming more and more mature, such that the quality of forecast depends more on the initial conditions. But the conventional observation is about 200 km away to each other, it can not describe the initial condition of atmosphere well to meet the need of numerical model. To improve these conditions with ATOVS satellite radiance data some researches use T213 products as the background based on GRAPES 3D-Var and MM5 models. The GRAPES（Global and Regional Assimilation and PrEdiction System）is a new generation hydrostatic/non-hydrostatic, multi-scale numerical model of China developed by Research Center for Numerical Meteorological Prediction of CAMS（ Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences）, CMA. GRAPES 3D-Var is the assimilating part of the system, it can assimilate many kinds of observations if the observation operator and observation error matrix is provided. MM5 model is the mesoscale prediction system developed by NCAR/PSU, it can be used for real-time studies, simulating or predicting the weather system such as mesoscale convective systems, fronts, land-sea breezes, mountain-valley circulations, and urban heat islands. A heavy rainstorm occurs in the middle-lower reaches of Yangze River and in the east of the southwest China from 22 to 24 June 2004. It brings serious disasters to the people in and out Hunan Province because of mud slide and flood caused by the rainstorm. So it is very urgent to pay attention to the research of such rainstorms as to mitigate the damage. The ATOVS detector of NOAA satellite consists of HIRS, AMSU-A, AMSU-B channels, of which the radiance of AMSU channels can penetrate the cloud to reach the satellite, so the AMSU radiance contain much information in the cloud which is very important to the initial condition of numerical model. In order to identify the effect of numerical weather prediction by assimilating satellite radiance data, two experiments are carried out by use of the GRAPES 3D

关 键 词：暴雨 资料同化 ATOVS资料 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P458.121.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]