交通事故致下颌骨骨折的流行病学分析  

Epidemiologic Investigation on Mandibular Fracture by Traffic Accident

作　　者：赵卫东[1] 刘阳[1] 姜楠[1] 张美超[1] 

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学临床解剖研究所,广州市510515

出　　处：《医药论坛杂志》2006年第9期34-36,共3页Journal of Medical Forum

基　　金：国家自然基金资助项目(30171184);国家高科技研究发展计划(863计划2001AA231031)

摘　　要：目的对南方医院近10年交通事故造成下颌骨骨折进行流行病学分析。方法回顾性调查南方医院交通事故致下颌骨骨折患者247例，分析其人员年龄、性别、致伤原因、骨折部位、伴发伤、治疗夏预后等指标。结果在交通事故造成的下颌骨骨折中，20-40岁男性占72．9％；与摩托车相关的占77％；单发骨折66％，有合并损伤的占79．3％；未配用安全设备的占87.9％；采用坚强内固定术占73.4％；96．8％患者一期愈合；治疗费用3000元-5000元占78％。结论青壮年男性为交通事故致下颌骨骨折的高发人群。预防和控制车祸的发生必须加强交通安全宣传。颏部位为骨折首发区；撞击力较小、速度低时下颌骨薄弱区为易骨折部位；撞击力较大、速度较高时易发生粉碎性骨折或多发性骨折，并伴有颅脑损伤等严重并发症。配备安全设备是预防骨折的重要手段。坚强内固定为主要治疗措施，其预后良好。Objective To investigate epidemiology of mandibular fracture by traffic accident on the basis of recent decade cases from Southern Hospital. Methods A retrospective research of 247 mandibular fracture cases by traffic accident was conducted for the following aspects： gender and age , injured cause , anatomic site , complicated injure , treatment and prognosis . Results Among all mandibular fracture cases by traffic accident, according to gender and age, male population accounted for about 72.9 % of all cases, whose age construction converged between 20 and 40 years old. 77% cases were associated with motorcycle. 66% cases had single fracture, and 79.3% were complicated injury. 87.9% wounded persons were not equipped with safe facility. 73.4% patients were treated with rigid internal fixture and total healing rate treatment. Conclusion Adult males were accidents. Traffic rules must be propagated was 96.8% . 78% of them spent 3000 - 5000 Yuan on prevalent population of mandibular fracture cases by traffic in order to prevent and control traffic accident. Chin is the first fracture zone. The fragile area of mandible easily fracture when the impact force is feeble and velocity is slow. If the impacted force is strong and speed is fast mandible will happen the smash fracture of mandible or multi -fracture with the severe symptom. Safe facility is the most important method of preventing mandibular fracture. Rigid internal fixture was the best means of treatment and prognosis was significant.

关 键 词：交通事故 下颌骨 骨折 流行病学 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]